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The mechanism of action of acrolein appears to involve induction of increased reactive oxygen species and DNA damage related to oxidative stress. [19] In terms of the "noncarcinogenic health quotient" [jargon] for components in cigarette smoke, acrolein dominates, contributing 40 times more than the next component, hydrogen cyanide. [20]
Glutaraldehyde is an organic compound with the formula (CH 2) 3 (CHO) 2.The molecule consists of a five carbon chain doubly terminated with formyl (CHO) groups. It is usually used as a solution in water, and such solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert.
The reaction proceeds via a single transition state, but not all bonds are formed or broken at the same time, as would be the case in a concerted mechanism. [2] The formal DA INV mechanism for the reaction of acrolein and methyl vinyl ether is shown in the figure to the right. Though not entirely accurate, it provides a useful model for the ...
These two anticancer agents, in vivo, may be converted to urotoxic metabolites, such as acrolein. Mesna assists to detoxify these metabolites by reaction of its sulfhydryl group with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl containing compounds such as acrolein. [5] This reaction is known as a Michael addition. Mesna also increases urinary excretion of cysteine.
The mechanism of action of acrylonitrile appears to involve oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage. [21] Acrylonitrile increases cancer in high dose tests in male and female rats and mice [ 22 ] and induces apoptosis in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells .
The Chichibabin pyridine synthesis (/ ˈ tʃ iː tʃ iː ˌ b eɪ b iː n /) is a method for synthesizing pyridine rings. The reaction involves the condensation reaction of aldehydes, ketones, α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds, or any combination of the above, with ammonia. [1] It was reported by Aleksei Chichibabin in 1924.
More than 38 million Americans have diabetes, and between 90% and 95% of them have type 2 diabetes. While most are adults over the age of 45, an increasing number of children and teens are also ...
The Skraup synthesis is a chemical reaction used to synthesize quinolines. It is named after the Czech chemist Zdenko Hans Skraup (1850-1910). In the archetypal Skraup reaction, aniline is heated with sulfuric acid , glycerol , and an oxidizing agent such as nitrobenzene to yield quinoline.