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The nearest neighbour algorithm was one of the first algorithms used to solve the travelling salesman problem approximately. In that problem, the salesman starts at a random city and repeatedly visits the nearest city until all have been visited. The algorithm quickly yields a short tour, but usually not the optimal one.
Nearest neighbor search (NNS), as a form of proximity search, is the optimization problem of finding the point in a given set that is closest (or most similar) to a given point. Closeness is typically expressed in terms of a dissimilarity function: the less similar the objects, the larger the function values.
A solution to the (1+ ε)-approximate nearest neighbor search is a point or multiple points within distance (1+ ε) R from a query point, where R is the distance between the query point and its true nearest neighbor. [1] Reasons to approximate nearest neighbor search include the space and time costs of exact solutions in high-dimensional spaces ...
In computer science, locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is a fuzzy hashing technique that hashes similar input items into the same "buckets" with high probability. [1] ( The number of buckets is much smaller than the universe of possible input items.) [1] Since similar items end up in the same buckets, this technique can be used for data clustering and nearest neighbor search.
The Hierarchical navigable small world (HNSW) algorithm is a graph-based approximate nearest neighbor search technique used in many vector databases. [1] [2] Nearest neighbor search without an index involves computing the distance from the query to each point in the database, which for large datasets is computationally prohibitive.
Proximity problems is a class of problems in computational geometry which involve estimation of distances between geometric objects. A subset of these problems stated in terms of points only are sometimes referred to as closest point problems , [ 1 ] although the term "closest point problem" is also used synonymously to the nearest neighbor ...
In the fixed-radius near neighbor problem, one is given as input a set of points in d-dimensional Euclidean space and a fixed distance Δ. One must design a data structure that, given a query point q , efficiently reports the points of the data structure that are within distance Δ of q .
Nearest neighbor function in probability theory; Nearest neighbor decoding in coding theory; The k-nearest neighbor algorithm in machine learning, an application of generalized forms of nearest neighbor search and interpolation; The nearest neighbour algorithm for approximately solving the travelling salesman problem; The nearest-neighbor ...