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  2. Conjugate diameters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_diameters

    For an ellipse, two diameters are conjugate if and only if the tangent line to the ellipse at an endpoint of one diameter is parallel to the other diameter. Each pair of conjugate diameters of an ellipse has a corresponding tangent parallelogram, sometimes called a bounding parallelogram (skewed compared to a bounding rectangle).

  3. Parallelogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram

    For an ellipse, two diameters are said to be conjugate if and only if the tangent line to the ellipse at an endpoint of one diameter is parallel to the other diameter. Each pair of conjugate diameters of an ellipse has a corresponding tangent parallelogram , sometimes called a bounding parallelogram, formed by the tangent lines to the ellipse ...

  4. Ellipse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellipse

    Then the free end of the strip traces an ellipse, while the strip is moved. For the proof, one recognizes that the tracing point can be described parametrically by ( a cos ⁡ t , b sin ⁡ t ) {\displaystyle (a\cos t,\,b\sin t)} , where parameter t {\displaystyle t} is the angle of slope of the paper strip.

  5. Parallel curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_curve

    Thus, the general offset surface shares the same tangent plane and normal with and (()). That aligns with the nature of envelopes. That aligns with the nature of envelopes. We now consider the Weingarten equations for the shape operator , which can be written as ∂ n → = − ∂ x → S {\displaystyle \partial {\vec {n}}=-\partial {\vec {x}}S} .

  6. Jacobi elliptic functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi_elliptic_functions

    Plot of the Jacobi ellipse (x 2 + y 2 /b 2 = 1, b real) and the twelve Jacobi elliptic functions pq(u,m) for particular values of angle φ and parameter b. The solid curve is the ellipse, with m = 1 − 1/b 2 and u = F(φ,m) where F(⋅,⋅) is the elliptic integral of the first kind (with parameter =). The dotted curve is the unit circle.

  7. Tangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent

    The tangent line to a point on a differentiable curve can also be thought of as a tangent line approximation, the graph of the affine function that best approximates the original function at the given point. [3] Similarly, the tangent plane to a surface at a given point is the plane that "just touches" the

  8. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    A tangent line t to a circle C intersects the circle at a single point T. For comparison, secant lines intersect a circle at two points, whereas another line may not intersect a circle at all. This property of tangent lines is preserved under many geometrical transformations, such as scalings, rotation, translations, inversions, and map ...

  9. Tangential quadrilateral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangential_quadrilateral

    A tangential quadrilateral with its incircle. In Euclidean geometry, a tangential quadrilateral (sometimes just tangent quadrilateral) or circumscribed quadrilateral is a convex quadrilateral whose sides all can be tangent to a single circle within the quadrilateral.