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The prefixes sec (from "secondary") and tert (from "tertiary") refer to the number of additional side chains (or carbons) connected to the first butyl carbon. The prefix "iso" or "iso" means "isolated" while the prefix 'n-' stands for "normal". Butan-2-yl (sec-butyl) group is chiral. The carbon atom at position 2 is a stereocenter.
n, iso and neo are no longer used in the systematic nomenclature, but still frequently in trivial names and in laboratory jargon. The prefix n describes a straight-chain carbon skeleton without branches, whereas iso describes a branched skeleton, without specifying any further details
The exception is iso... as in isopropanol, which is part of the name and therefore not italicized or hyphenated. Substituent groups do form part of the name: hence the correct article title is 1,2-Dichloroethane , which is written as 1,2-dichloroethane if not at the start of a sentence.
tert-Butylbenzene is an organic compound classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon. Its structure consists of a benzene ring substituted with a tert -butyl group . It is a flammable colorless liquid which is nearly insoluble in water but miscible with organic solvents.
Exceptions are cyclo, iso, neo, and spiro which are considered part of the name and therefore not italicized or hyphenated. Substituent groups are also considered part of the name. In former versions of the IUPAC recommendations, names were written with a capital initial letter.
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The R is the functional group attached to a tertiary carbon. If the functional group was an OH group, this compound would be commonly called tert-butanol or t-butanol. When a functional group is attached to a tertiary carbon, the prefix -tert (-t) is used in the common name for the compound. [4] An example of this is shown in the figure.