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In 2014, 6.5% of the United Kingdom's population was classified as being in persistent poverty; that equates to approximately 3.9 million people. The UK's poverty rate overall in 2014 was the 12th highest amongst all European nations at 16.8%, however; it has the third-lowest persistent poverty rate. [125]
Thereafter the United Kingdom's relative economic performance improved substantially to the extent that, just before the Great Recession, British income per capita exceeded, albeit marginally, that of France and Germany; furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the gap in income per capita terms between the UK and USA.
Hunger and poor diet was a common aspect of life across the UK in the Victorian period, especially in the 1840s, but the mass starvation seen in the Great Famine in Ireland was unique. [50] [48] Levels of poverty fell significantly during the 19th century from as much as two thirds of the population in 1800 to less than a third by 1901. However ...
Social attitudes to poverty began to change after 1815 and overhauls of the system were considered. The Poor Law system was criticized as distorting the free market and in 1816 a parliamentary select committee looked into altering the system [ 58 ] which resulted in the Sturges-Bourne's Act being passed. 1817 also saw the passing of the Public ...
1905 - Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Distress 1905-09 set up by the outgoing Conservative government.; 1906 - The Liberal Government is elected and begins an ambitious programme of welfare reforms.
It was provided free in the workhouse but had to be paid for by the "merely poor"; [26] free primary education for all children was not provided in the UK until 1918. [90] Instead of being "less eligible", conditions for those living in the workhouse were in certain respects "more eligible" than for those living in poverty outside. [26]
The Evolution of British Social Policy and the Welfare State, c. 1800–1993 (Keele University Press. 1995). online; Levine-Clark, Marjorie. Unemployment, Welfare, and Masculine Citizenship: So Much Honest Poverty in Britain, 1870–1930 (Springer, 2015). Lowe, Rodney. "The Second World War, consensus, and the foundation of the welfare state."
6 May – As the kingdom of Spain passes under the control of Napoleon, the Anglo-Spanish War (1796–1808) effectively ends as the United Kingdom allies with Spain and Portugal against the French in the Peninsular War. 30 June – Chemist Humphry Davy informs the Royal Society of London of his isolation and discovery of two elements by ...