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Complementing the 16-in/50 caliber Mark 7 gun was a fire control computer, the Ford Instrument Company Mark 8 Range Keeper. This analog computer was used to direct the fire from the battleship's big guns, taking into account factors including the speed of the targeted ship, the projectile's travel time, and air resistance.
USS Alabama (BB-60) is a retired battleship. She was the fourth and final member of the South Dakota class of fast battleships built for the United States Navy in the 1940s. The first American battleships designed after the Washington Treaty system began to break down in the mid-1930s, they took advantage of an escalator clause that allowed increasing the main battery to 16-inch (406 mm) guns ...
The U.S. Navy had the 16"/50-caliber Mark 2 guns left over from the canceled Lexington-class battlecruisers and South Dakota-class battleships of the early 1920s. However it was already apparent that the Mark 2 was too heavy to arm the North Carolina and new South Dakota (1939) battleship classes which had to adhere to the 35,000 ton standard displacement set by the Second London Naval Treaty.
234 mm (9.2 in) BL 9.2 inch gun Mk I - VII United Kingdom: 1880s - 1918 234 mm (9.2 in) BL 9.2 inch Mk VIII 40-caliber United Kingdom: 1890s - 1910s 234 mm (9.2 in) BL 9.2 inch Mk X 46-caliber United Kingdom: 1900s - World War I 234 mm (9.2 in) BL 9.2 inch Mk XI 50-caliber United Kingdom: World War I 240 mm (9.4 in) 240mm/50 Modèle 1902 gun
The early main battery fire control consisted of the Fire Control Tower, [7] two Mark 38 Gun Fire Control Systems (GFCS), [8] and fire control equipment located in two of the three turrets. [9] As modernized in the 1980s, each turret carried a DR-810 radar that measured the muzzle velocity of each gun, which made it easier to predict the ...
These guns fire high explosive- and armor-piercing shells and can fire a 16-inch shell approximately 23.4 nautical miles (43.3 km; 26.9 mi). [ 35 ] [ 36 ] The guns are housed in three 3-gun turrets: two forward of the battleship's superstructure and one aft, in a configuration known as "2-A-1".
North Carolina-class battleship: 2 9 × 16" 45 cal Mark 6: 24,300 lb (11.0 t) 36,900 33.7 2 USA South Dakota-class battleship: 4 9 × 16" 45 cal Mark 6 24,300 lb (11.0 t) 36,900 33.7 2 UK Nelson-class battleship: 2 9 × BL 16-inch Mk I: 18,432 lb (8.361 t) 39,780 36.4 2 USA Tennessee-class battleship: 2 12 × 14" 50 cal Marks 7 & 11: 18,000 lb ...
USS Iowa (BB-61) fires a full broadside volley during a target exercise near Vieques Island, Puerto Rico, 1 July 1984, showing the muzzle blast from its 16 inch main battery and the pressure effect on the water surface surrounding the ship. A muzzle blast is an explosive shockwave created at the muzzle of a firearm during shooting.