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In information theory, the source coding theorem (Shannon 1948) [2] informally states that (MacKay 2003, pg. 81, [3] Cover 2006, Chapter 5 [4]): N i.i.d. random variables each with entropy H(X) can be compressed into more than N H(X) bits with negligible risk of information loss, as N → ∞; but conversely, if they are compressed into fewer than N H(X) bits it is virtually certain that ...
In information theory, the noisy-channel coding theorem (sometimes Shannon's theorem or Shannon's limit), establishes that for any given degree of noise contamination of a communication channel, it is possible (in theory) to communicate discrete data (digital information) nearly error-free up to a computable maximum rate through the channel.
The Bekenstein bound limits the amount of information that can be stored within a spherical volume to the entropy of a black hole with the same surface area. Thermodynamics limit the data storage of a system based on its energy, number of particles and particle modes. In practice, it is a stronger bound than the Bekenstein bound.
The operations of a queue make it a first-in-first-out (FIFO) data structure. In a FIFO data structure, the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed. This is equivalent to the requirement that once a new element is added, all elements that were added before have to be removed before the new element can be removed.
The message queue software can be either proprietary, open source or a mix of both. It is then run either on premise in private servers or on external cloud servers ( message queuing service ). Proprietary options have the longest history, and include products from the inception of message queuing, such as IBM MQ , and those tied to specific ...
A rate is said to be achievable if there exists a sequence of codes (,) such that the average probability of error: (^) tends to zero as . The feedback capacity is denoted by C feedback {\displaystyle C_{\text{feedback}}} , and is defined as the supremum over all achievable rates.
HRESULT is a computer programming data type that represents the completion status of a function. It is used in the source code of applications targeting Microsoft Windows and earlier IBM/Microsoft OS/2 operating systems, but its design does not limit its use to these environments; it can be used in any system supporting 32-bit integers.
AMQP is a binary application layer protocol, designed to efficiently support a wide variety of messaging applications and communication patterns. It provides flow controlled, [3] message-oriented communication with message-delivery guarantees such as at-most-once (where each message is delivered once or never), at-least-once (where each message is certain to be delivered, but may do so ...