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On 29 August 1975, during the tenure of President Carlos Andrés Pérez, "Law that Reserves the Hydrocarbon Industry to the State" was enacted and the state-owned company Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) was created to control all oil businesses in the Venezuelan territory. The law came into effect on 1 January 1976, as well as the ...
Venezuela also has 150 trillion cubic feet (4.2 × 10 12 m 3) of natural gas reserves. The crude oil PDVSA extracts from the Orinoco is refined into a fuel eponymously named 'Orimulsion'. [12] PDVSA has a production capacity, including the strategic associations and operating agreements, of 4 million barrels (640,000 m 3) per day (600,000 m 3).
The Coordinadora Democrática, led by the business federation Fedecámaras and the trade union federation Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela (CTV), called for a fourth paro cívico, which turned out to be the most serious, and is known as the 2002–2003 oil strike, to begin on 2 December 2002.
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On February 15, 2019, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States Department of the Treasury announced that Manuel Quevedo, along with four other officials of the Government of Nicolás Maduro, was included in the list of those sanctioned by the North American body.
Companies in the petroleum sector evaded the sanctions on Venezuela's state-owned oil company, PDVSA, to continue oil shipments. In October 2023, the administration of Joe Biden temporarily lifted some U.S. sanctions on the oil, gas and gold industries in exchange for the promise of the release of political prisoners and free 2024 elections.
Pedro Rafael Tellechea Ruiz (born 5 November 1975) is a Venezuelan military officer, politician, and mechanical engineer, who has held high government positions as Minister of Popular Power for Petroleum and President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). In addition, from 2020 until 2023, he held the presidency of Petroquímica de Venezuela.
The central issue was Bolivia's large natural gas reserves and the prospect for their future sale and use. The Bolivian gas reserves are the second largest in South America after Venezuela, and exploration after the privatization of the national oil company YPFB showed that proven natural gas reserves were 600% higher than previously known. The ...