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Beech bark disease is a disease that causes mortality and defects in beech trees in the eastern United States, Canada and Europe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] In North America , the disease occurs after extensive bark invasion by Xylococculus betulae and the beech scale insect , Cryptococcus fagisuga . [ 4 ]
Aleurodiscus oakesii on tree bark. Aleurodiscus oakesii is the most common fungi to cause “smooth patch disease” on the nonliving outer bark of trees. This fungal infection can lead to trees shedding and leaving smooth and lighter patches of bark on the tree, giving “smooth patch” its meaning.
Where beech bark disease becomes established, most of the larger trees will die. Some trees seem to be partially resistant to the disease and a small number seem to be completely resistant. This may be partly due to the fact that trees with smooth bark provide fewer cracks and crevices in which the scale insect can flourish. [8] [9]
Trees have natural chemicals that keep most fungi at bay, but climate change could be making trees more vulnerable, researcher says. Citizen scientists to study this tree disease found in ...
However, the energy required for new foliage weakens the trees. Oaks—a favorite food source for spongy moth larva—produce a reduced acorn crop for years after a defoliating event. Animals that rely on acorns are thus affected; but some animals benefit from the spongy moth, namely those that prey on the caterpillars (larva).
Fagus grandifolia is a large deciduous tree [6] growing to 16–35 metres (52–115 feet) tall, [7] with smooth, silver-gray bark.The leaves are dark green, simple and sparsely-toothed with small teeth that terminate each vein, 6–12 centimetres (2 + 1 ⁄ 4 – 4 + 3 ⁄ 4 inches) long (rarely 15 cm or 6 in), with a short petiole.
Alstonia scholaris is a glabrous tree and grows up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. Its mature bark is grayish and its young branches are copiously marked with lenticels.A unique feature of this tree is that in some places, such as New Guinea, the trunk is three-sided (i.e. it is triangular in cross-section).
Extreme drought and bark beetles now threaten California's Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest, home to Methuselah, a 4,853-year-old bristlecone pine.