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2. Vitamin B12 total synthesis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12_total_synthesis

   The structure of vitamin B 12 was the first low-molecular weight natural product determined by x-ray analysis rather than by chemical degradation. Thus, while the structure of this novel type of complex biomolecule was established, its chemistry remained essentially unknown; exploration of this chemistry became one of the tasks of the vitamin's chemical synthesis.

3. B vitamins - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamins

   Dietary supplements containing all eight are referred to as a vitamin B complex. Individual B vitamins are referred to by B-number or by chemical name, such as B 1 for thiamine , B 2 for riboflavin , and B 3 for niacin , [ 1 ] [ 2 ] while some are more commonly recognized by name than by number, such as pantothenic acid (B 5 ), biotin (B 7 ...

4. Here’s What You Need to Know About B-Complex Vitamins - AOL

   www.aol.com/know-b-complex-vitamins-184200741.html

   “Like vitamin C, B-complex vitamins are water-soluble. As a result, they cannot be stored for later use. The body will use what it needs, and the rest is excreted as waste in the urine.”

5. Vitamin B12 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

   Vitamin B 12 is the most chemically complex of all vitamins. [6] [2] [7] Only some archaea and bacteria can synthesize vitamin B 12. [8] Vitamin B 12 deficiency is a widespread condition that is particularly prevalent in populations with low or no consumption of animal foods. [9]

6. Orotic acid - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orotic_acid

   Historically, it was believed to be part of the vitamin B complex and was called vitamin B 13, but it is now known that it is not a vitamin. The compound is synthesized in the body via a mitochondrial enzyme, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase [ 2 ] or a cytoplasmic enzyme of pyrimidine synthesis pathway .

7. Corrin - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrin

   The corrin ring resembles the porphyrin ring. [2] Both feature four pyrrole-like subunits organized into rings. Corrins have a central 15-membered C 11 N 4 ring whereas porphryins have an interior 16-membered C 12 N 4 ring. All four nitrogen centers are linked by conjugation structure, with alternating double and single bonds.