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The State Bar of Texas is composed of those persons licensed to practice law in Texas and is an "integrated" or "mandatory" bar. The State Bar Act, adopted by the Legislature in 1939, mandates that all attorneys licensed to practice law in Texas be members of the State Bar. [4] [5] As of 2018, membership in the Texas Bar stood at 103,342. [6]
The Rise of the Legal Profession in America (2 vol 1965), covers the colonial and early national period down to the 1820s. Chroust. "Legal Profession in Colonial America." Notre Dame Law 33 (1957): 51+. online; Chroust, "American Legal Profession: Its Agony and Ecstasy (1776–1840)." Notre Dame Law. 46 (1970): 487+ online.
Robert L. Pitman: [39] First openly LGBT male to serve as a U.S. Attorney in Texas (2011-2014) Nicholas Ganjei: [51] First person of color to serve as the United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Texas (2021) Alamdar S. Hamdani: [52] First Asian American male to serve as the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of Texas (2022)
Hortense Sparks Ward (1910): [6] [7] First female lawyer in Texas, as well as the first female admitted to practice law before the U.S. Supreme Court (1915) Florence Bates (1914): [8] One of the first female lawyers in Texas. She would leave the profession and become a Hollywood actress later in life.
An attorney at law (or counsellor-at-law) in the United States is a practitioner in a court of law who is legally qualified to prosecute and defend actions in court on the retainer of clients. [1] As of January 1, 2023, there were 1,331,290 active lawyers in the United States. [ 2 ]
Several states whose family law was influenced by Spanish and Mexican civil law, like California and Texas, require all bar exam applicants to demonstrate knowledge of community property law. Pennsylvania, with a history of federal tax evasion (e.g., the Whiskey Rebellion), tests federal income tax law, while New Jersey, with a history of ...
In common law countries with divided legal professions, barristers traditionally belong to the bar council (or an Inn of Court) and solicitors belong to the law society. In the English-speaking world, the largest mandatory professional association of lawyers is the State Bar of California , with 230,000 members.
In Western Europe, the legal profession went into decline during the Dark Ages, re-emerging during the 12th and 13th centuries in the form of experts on canon law. The profession started to be regulated and to extend its reach to civil as well as ecclesiastical law.