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  2. Aircraft flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_flight_dynamics

    Roll, pitch and yaw refer to rotations about the respective axes starting from a defined steady flight equilibrium state. The equilibrium roll angle is known as wings level or zero bank angle. The most common aeronautical convention defines roll as acting about the longitudinal axis, positive with the starboard (right) wing down.

  3. Rotation matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix

    represents a rotation whose yaw, pitch, and roll angles are α, β and γ, respectively. More formally, it is an intrinsic rotation whose Tait–Bryan angles are α, β, γ, about axes z, y, x, respectively. Similarly, the product

  4. Flight dynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_dynamics

    The equilibrium roll angle is known as wings level or zero bank angle, equivalent to a level heeling angle on a ship. Yaw is known as "heading". A fixed-wing aircraft increases or decreases the lift generated by the wings when it pitches nose up or down by increasing or decreasing the angle of attack (AOA). The roll angle is also known as bank ...

  5. Aircraft principal axes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_principal_axes

    The position of all three axes, with the right-hand rule for describing the angle of its rotations. An aircraft in flight is free to rotate in three dimensions: yaw, nose left or right about an axis running up and down; pitch, nose up or down about an axis running from wing to wing; and roll, rotation about an axis running from nose to tail.

  6. Yaw (rotation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaw_(rotation)

    Yaw, pitch and roll in an aircraft Yaw motion in an aircraft Mnemonics to remember angle names. A yaw rotation is a movement around the yaw axis of a rigid body that changes the direction it is pointing, to the left or right of its direction of motion. The yaw rate or yaw velocity of a car, aircraft, projectile or other rigid body is the ...

  7. Stability derivatives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stability_derivatives

    If it is assumed that the vehicle is roll-controlled, the pitch and yaw motions may be treated in isolation. It is common practice to consider the yaw plane, so that only 2D motion need be considered. Furthermore, it is assumed that thrust equals drag, and the longitudinal equation of motion may be ignored. .

  8. Orientation (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientation_(geometry)

    These are three angles, also known as yaw, pitch and roll, Navigation angles and Cardan angles. Mathematically they constitute a set of six possibilities inside the twelve possible sets of Euler angles, the ordering being the one best used for describing the orientation of a vehicle such as an airplane.

  9. Steady flight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steady_flight

    The Euler angles linking these reference frames are: Earth frame to body frame: yaw angle ψ, pitch angle θ, and roll angle φ; Earth frame to wind frame: heading angle σ, flight-path angle γ, and bank angle μ; Wind frame to body frame: angle of sideslip β, angle of attack α (in this transformation, the angle analogous to φ and μ is ...