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The Somme (UK: / s ɒ m / SOM, US: / s ʌ m / SUM, [1] [2] French: ⓘ) is a river in Picardy, northern France. The river is 245 km (152 mi) in length, from its source in the high ground of the former Arrouaise Forest [ fr ] at Fonsomme near Saint-Quentin , to the Bay of the Somme , in the English Channel .
The Battle of the Somme (French: Bataille de la Somme; German: Schlacht an der Somme), also known as the Somme offensive, was a major battle of the First World War fought by the armies of the British Empire and the French Third Republic against the German Empire.
Somme (French pronunciation: ⓘ; Picard: Sonme) is a department of France, located in the north of the country and named after the Somme river. It is part of the Hauts-de-France region . It is bordered by Pas-de-Calais and Nord to the north, Aisne to the east, Oise to the south and Seine-Maritime to the southwest.
The Somme towns were strategically important in the 15th century conflict between the Valois dukes of Burgundy and the kings of France. [15] Picardy, the region in north eastern France in which they were located, lay between the French royal domain in the Île-de-France and the dukes' Low Countries possessions, the Burgundian Netherlands. [16]
French tanker Somme, a French Navy tanker and command ship; HMS Somme, a British World War I S-class destroyer; Battle of the Somme, World War I Somme American Cemetery and Memorial; Somme Heritage Centre
The Battle of the Somme was an offensive fought on the Western Front during World War I from 1 July to 18 November 1916 as one of the greatest engagements of the war. It was fought between French , British and Dominion forces and the German Empire in the Somme River valley and vicinity in northern France .
French and German military operations began on the Somme in September 1914. After the German advance towards Albert had been brought to a halt at La Boisselle and attempts to resume offensive warfare in October had not been successful, both sides reduced their attacks to local operations or raids and began to fortify their remaining positions with underground works.
The Second Battle of the Somme of 1918 was fought during the First World War on the Western Front from late August to early September, in the basin of the River Somme. It was part of a series of successful counter-offensives in response to the German Spring Offensive , after a pause for redeployment and supply.