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The following is a list of notable proteins that are produced from recombinant DNA, using biomolecular engineering. [1] In many cases, recombinant human proteins have replaced the original animal-derived version used in medicine. The prefix "rh" for "recombinant human" appears less and less in the literature.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 February 2025. Foods produced from organisms that have had changes introduced into their DNA Part of a series on Genetic engineering Genetically modified organisms Bacteria Viruses Animals Mammals Fish Insects Plants Maize/corn Rice Soybean Potato History and regulation History Regulation Substantial ...
Industrial enzymes are enzymes that are commercially used in a variety of industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemical production, biofuels, food and beverage, and consumer products. Due to advancements in recent years, biocatalysis through isolated enzymes is considered more economical than use of whole cells.
The C. glutamicum species is widely used for producing glutamate and lysine, [16] components of human food, animal feed and pharmaceutical products. Expression of functionally active human epidermal growth factor has been done in C. glutamicum, [17] thus demonstrating a potential for industrial-scale production of human proteins.
As indicated above, some mammals typically used for food production (such as goats, sheep, pigs, and cows) have been modified to produce non-food products, a practice sometimes called pharming. Use of genetically modified goats has been approved by the FDA and EMA to produce ATryn, i.e. recombinant antithrombin, an anticoagulant protein drug. [20]
Maltase-glucoamylase is an alpha-glucosidase digestive enzyme. It consists of two subunits with differing substrate specificity. Recombinant enzyme studies have shown that its N-terminal catalytic domain has highest activity against maltose, while the C-terminal domain has a broader substrate specificity and activity against glucose oligomers. [7]
In the food industry, pullulanase works well as an ingredient. Pullulan can be applied directly to foods as a protective glaze or edible film due to its ability to form films. It can be used as a spice and flavoring agent for micro-encapsulation. [4] It is used in mayonnaise to maintain consistency and quality.
A recombinant fusion protein is a protein created through genetic engineering of a fusion gene. This typically involves removing the stop codon from a cDNA sequence coding for the first protein, then appending the cDNA sequence of the second protein in frame through ligation or overlap extension PCR .