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Other factors can cause glaucoma, known as "secondary glaucoma", including prolonged use of steroids (steroid-induced glaucoma); conditions that severely restrict blood flow to the eye, such as severe diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion (neovascular glaucoma); ocular trauma (angle-recession glaucoma); plateau iris; and ...
Ocular ischemic syndrome is the constellation of ocular signs and symptoms secondary to severe, chronic arterial hypoperfusion to the eye. [1] Amaurosis fugax is a form of acute vision loss caused by reduced blood flow to the eye; it may be a warning sign of an impending stroke, as both stroke and retinal artery occlusion can be caused by thromboembolism due to atherosclerosis elsewhere in the ...
Post-traumatic glaucoma: Trauma to the eye is often observed to cause secondary glaucoma. The incidence is notably higher in populations with increased levels of physical activity. [2] Ghost-cell glaucoma: Ruptured red blood cells will release haemoglobin in the form of Heinz bodies, which are potent in increasing the IOP level. [2]
The optic nerve can be at very high risk for damage from insufficient blood supply due to swelling (from lack of oxygen) in a confined bony space resulting in a compartment syndrome. Restricted blood flow can lead to permanent damage to the optic nerve and result in blindness (often in both eyes).
The blood–ocular barrier is a barrier created by endothelium of capillaries of the retina and iris, ciliary epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium. [1] It is a physical barrier between the local blood vessels and most parts of the eye itself, and stops many substances including drugs from traveling across it. [2]
Cotton wool spots are also associated with giant cell arteritis (GCA), a type of inflammation of the lining of the arteries, as this may reduce blood flow to the eyes. [1] In a study of 123 subjects with vision loss due to early stage giant cell arteritis, one-third of subjects had cotton wool spots present in their eyes. [ 2 ]
A subconjunctival hemorrhage appears as a bright red patch on the white of the eye and is commonly referred to as a burst blood vessel. In hyphema, blood pools in the anterior chamber, where the iris (the colored part of the eye) and the pupil are located. Hyphemas are graded based on the amount of blood covering the cornea.
The heart is supplied by coronary vessels, and therefore CPP is the blood pressure within those vessels. If pressures are too low in the coronary vasculature, then the myocardium risks ischemia (restricted blood flow) with subsequent myocardial infarction or cardiogenic shock.