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  2. Racial conceptions of Jewish identity in Zionism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_conceptions_of...

    This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. In the late 19th century, amid attempts to apply science to notions of race, the founders of Zionism (Theodor Herzl and Max Nordau, among others) sought to reformulate conceptions of Jewishness in terms of racial identity and the "race science" of the time. They believed that this concept would ...

  3. Jewish identity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_identity

    Jewish identity is the objective or subjective sense of perceiving oneself as a Jew and as relating to being Jewish. [1] It encompasses elements of nationhood, [2] [3] [4] ethnicity, [5] religion, and culture.

  4. Black Hebrew Israelites - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hebrew_Israelites

    A photograph of William Saunders Crowdy which appeared in a 1907 edition of The Baltimore Sun. The origins of the Black Hebrew Israelite movement are found in Frank Cherry and William Saunders Crowdy, who both claimed that they had revelations in which they believed that God told them that African Americans are descendants of the Hebrews in the Christian Bible; Cherry established the "Church ...

  5. American Jews - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Jews

    About half of the American Jews are considered to be religious. Out of this 2,831,000 religious Jewish population, 92% are non-Hispanic white, 5% Hispanic (Most commonly from Argentina, Venezuela, or Cuba), 1% Asian, 1% black and 1% Other (mixed-race etc.). Almost this many non-religious Jews exist in the United States. [103]

  6. Jewish atheism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_atheism

    A 2013 study by the Pew Research Center found that 62% of self-described American Jews say being Jewish is mainly a matter of ancestry and culture, while just 15% say it is mainly a matter of religion. Even among Jews by religion, 55% say being Jewish is mainly a matter of ancestry and culture, while 66% say it is not necessary to believe in ...

  7. Racial antisemitism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racial_antisemitism

    Racial antisemitism is prejudice against Jews based on a belief or assertion that Jews constitute a distinct race that has inherent traits or characteristics that appear in some way abhorrent or inherently inferior or otherwise different from the traits or characteristics of the rest of a society. The abhorrence may find expression in the form ...

  8. Jewish views on evolution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_views_on_evolution

    He offered an evolutionary account of Jewish history that suggested branching developments within the Jewish religion, and he explored the issue of Jewish race and peoplehood from both anthropological and sociological perspectives as a means by which to confront the anti-Semitic stereotypes of his day. He compiled measurements of skulls sizes ...

  9. Religious Zionism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_Zionism

    Religious Zionism (Hebrew: צִיּוֹנוּת דָּתִית, romanized: Tziyonut Datit) is a religious denomination that views Zionism as a fundamental component of Orthodox Judaism. Its adherents are also referred to as Dati Leumi ( דָּתִי לְאֻמִּי , 'National Religious'), and in Israel, they are most commonly known by the ...