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The Transcendent Philosophy of the Four Journeys of the Intellect (Arabic:الحكمة المتعالية في الاسفار العقلية الاربعة; Hikmat al-muta‘aliya fi-l-asfar al-‘aqliyya al-arba‘a), known as Four Journeys, is an extended compendium of Islamic philosophy written by the 17th century Islamic scholar, Mulla Sadra, In which he attempted to reach Sufism and prove ...
It has been suggested that Sufi thought emerged from the Middle East in the eighth century CE, but adherents are now found around the world. [2] According to Sufi Muslims, it is a part of the Islamic teaching that deals with the purification of inner self and is the way which removes all the veils between the divine and humankind. It was around ...
ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Jīlī, or Abdul Karim Jili (Arabic:عبد الكريم الجيلي) was a Muslim Sufi saint and mystic who was born in 1365, in what is modern day Iraq, possibly in the neighborhood of Jil in Baghdad. [1] [2] He is known in Muslim mysticism as the author of Universal Man.
The Arabic word tasawwuf (lit. ' 'Sufism' '), generally translated as Sufism, is commonly defined by Western authors as Islamic mysticism. [14] [15] [16] The Arabic term Sufi has been used in Islamic literature with a wide range of meanings, by both proponents and opponents of Sufism. [14]
Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya fi 'Ilm al-Tasawwuf (Arabic: الرسالة القشيرية في علم التصوف, lit. 'The Qushayriyyan Epistle on the Science of Sufism'), mostly known as al-Risala al-Qushayriyya (The Treatise of al-Qushayri), is one of the early complete manuals of the science of Sufism (tasawwuf in Arabic), written by the Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholar Abu al-Qasim al-Qushayri (d ...
He was the head of the order of dervishes in Baghdad, and was thus responsible for the day-to-day management of the Sufi community in the Abbasid capital. This position of power led him to become the sheikh (teacher) of many prominent early Sufis, including Abu al-Fadl ibn al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi, who was himself the sheikh of Abū-Sa'īd Abul ...
Maqām [1] (Arabic: مَقَام "station"; plural مَقَامَات maqāmāt) refers to each stage a Sufi's soul must attain in its search for God. [2] The stations are derived from the most routine considerations a Sufi must deal with on a day-to-day basis and is essentially an embodiment of both mystical knowledge and Islamic law ().
Junayd taught in Baghdad throughout his lifetime and was an important figure in the development of Sufi doctrine. Like Hasan of Basra before him, was widely revered by his students and disciples as well as quoted by other mystics. Because of his importance in Sufi theology, Junayd was often referred to as the "Sultan". [4]