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In South African English, a number of international performing arts competitions in are called eisteddfods, such as the Tygerberg International Eisteddfod and the Pretoria Eisteddfod (first held in 1923). The word eisteddfod is sometimes also used for ordinary cultural festivals, even if only one school's students participate.
The first chair made for the modern form of Eisteddfod was at the Carmarthen event of 1819. They became regular prizes after the National Eisteddfod was introduced in the 1860s. [ 8 ] In 2015 a 9-foot (2.7 m) high Eisteddfod chair was created and installed at the top of Cardigan Castle's East Tower, as a centrepiece of an exhibition about the ...
An advertisement for the Grand National Eisteddfod at Caernarvon, 1877. The National Museum of Wales says that "the history of the Eisteddfod may [be] traced back to a bardic competition held by the Lord Rhys in Cardigan Castle in 1176", [4] and local Eisteddfodau were certainly held for many years prior to the first national Eisteddfod.
The custom of chairing the bard is, however, much older than the modern eisteddfod ceremony, and is known to have taken place as early as 1176. [2] The chairing ceremony of the 1958 National Eisteddfod; the victorious poet was T. Llew Jones [3] The chair posthumously awarded to Taliesin o Eifion at the Wrexham Eisteddfod in 1876 [4]
In 1176, he instituted the first eisteddfod. Contestants came from all over the British Isles to compete for chairs in music and poetry. Lord Rhys' grandson Maelgwn razed the castle and sacked the town. [3] Cardigan became an important trade centre. In 1227 a weekly market was established which continues to this day.
The Gorsedd made its first appearance at the Eisteddfod at the Ivy Bush Inn in Carmarthen in 1819, and its close association with the festival has continued since then. The fictitious origin of these ceremonies was established by Professor G.J. Williams in works touching on Iolo Morganwg. [9]
Eisteddfod yr Urdd flag, early 1930's The festival at Bala in 1954.. The first Urdd National Eisteddfod was held in 1929 at Corwen. [1] Originally held over two days, the festival has grown in recent times into a week-long celebration of competition and socialising. [1]
He is attributed in some old stories as hosting the first Eisteddfod, [64] and he is also one of five Celtic British kings castigated for their sins by the contemporary Christian writer Gildas (who referred to him as Maglocunus, meaning 'Prince-Hound' in Brittonic), [65] written in the De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae. Maelgwn was curiously ...