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  2. LogSumExp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LogSumExp

    The LSE function is often encountered when the usual arithmetic computations are performed on a logarithmic scale, as in log probability. [5]Similar to multiplication operations in linear-scale becoming simple additions in log-scale, an addition operation in linear-scale becomes the LSE in log-scale:

  3. Exponentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation

    The term exponent originates from the Latin exponentem, the present participle of exponere, meaning "to put forth". [3] The term power (Latin: potentia, potestas, dignitas) is a mistranslation [4] [5] of the ancient Greek δύναμις (dúnamis, here: "amplification" [4]) used by the Greek mathematician Euclid for the square of a line, [6 ...

  4. List of logarithmic identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logarithmic_identities

    The identities of logarithms can be used to approximate large numbers. Note that log b (a) + log b (c) = log b (ac), where a, b, and c are arbitrary constants. Suppose that one wants to approximate the 44th Mersenne prime, 2 32,582,657 −1. To get the base-10 logarithm, we would multiply 32,582,657 by log 10 (2), getting 9,808,357.09543 ...

  5. Exponential function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_function

    Exponential functions with bases 2 and 1/2. In mathematics, the exponential function is the unique real function which maps zero to one and has a derivative equal to its value. . The exponential of a variable ⁠ ⁠ is denoted ⁠ ⁡ ⁠ or ⁠ ⁠, with the two notations used interchangeab

  6. Logarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm

    In mathematics, the logarithm to base b is the inverse function of exponentiation with base b. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 10 3, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log 10 (1000) = 3.

  7. List of mathematical series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_series

    This list of mathematical series contains formulae for finite and infinite sums. It can be used in conjunction with other tools for evaluating sums. Here, is taken to have the value

  8. e (mathematical constant) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_(mathematical_constant)

    The number e is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828 that is the base of the natural logarithm and exponential function.It is sometimes called Euler's number, after the Swiss mathematician Leonhard Euler, though this can invite confusion with Euler numbers, or with Euler's constant, a different constant typically denoted .

  9. Natural logarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_logarithm

    For example, ln 7.5 is 2.0149..., because e 2.0149... = 7.5. The natural logarithm of e itself, ln e, is 1, because e 1 = e, while the natural logarithm of 1 is 0, since e 0 = 1. The natural logarithm can be defined for any positive real number a as the area under the curve y = 1/x from 1 to a [4] (with the area being negative when 0 < a < 1 ...