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DVOT is commonly used to treat conditions such as cluster headache, which affects up to four in 1000 people (0.4%), [1] [2] [3] and is a recommended first aid procedure for several diving disorders. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is also a recommended prophylactic for decompression sickness in the event of minor omitted decompression without symptoms.
Methysergide is used exclusively to treat episodic and chronic migraine and for episodic and chronic cluster headaches. [12] Methysergide is one of the most effective [13] medications for the prevention of migraine, but is not intended for the treatment of an acute attack, it is to be taken daily as a preventative medication.
Cluster headaches may occasionally be referred to as "alarm clock headache" because of the regularity of their recurrence. Cluster headaches often awaken individuals from sleep. Both individual attacks and the cluster grouping can have a metronomic regularity; attacks typically strike at a precise time of day each morning or night.
Sumatriptan, sold under the brand name Imitrex among others, is a medication used to treat migraine headaches and cluster headaches. [1] It is taken orally, intranasally, or by subcutaneous injection. [2] Therapeutic effects generally occur within three hours. [2]
Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia (TAC) refers to a group of primary headaches that occurs with pain on one side of the head in the trigeminal nerve area and symptoms in autonomic systems on the same side, such as eye watering and redness or drooping eyelids. [1] [2]
Abortive therapy for cluster headaches includes subcutaneous sumatriptan (injected under the skin) and triptan nasal sprays. High flow oxygen therapy also helps with relief. [11] For people with extended periods of cluster headaches, preventive therapy can be necessary. Verapamil is recommended as first line treatment. Lithium can also be useful.
In treatment studies, patients with medication plus cognitive-behavioral therapy groups did better than groups with medication alone or cognitive-behavioral therapy alone. [51] Psychological and behavioral therapies identify stressful situations and teach chronic headache patients to react differently, change their behavior, or adjust attitudes ...
Verapamil, sold under various trade names, [1] is a calcium channel blocker medication used for the treatment of high blood pressure, angina (chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart), and supraventricular tachycardia. [9] It may also be used for the prevention of migraines and cluster headaches.
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