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The Kazakhs (Kazakh: қазақтар, qazaqtar, قازاقتار, ⓘ) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia and Eastern Europe.There are Kazakh communities in Kazakhstan's border regions in Russia, northern Uzbekistan, northwestern China (Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture), western Mongolia (Bayan-Ölgii Province) and Iran (Golestan province). [27]
Kazakhstan's dominant ethnic group, the Kazakhs, traces its origin to the 15th century, when after disintegration of Golden Horde, number of Turkic and Turco-Mongol tribes united to establish the Kazakh Khanate. With a cohesive culture and a national identity, they constituted an absolute majority on the land until Russian colonization.
Kazakh diaspora (Kazakh: Қазақтар диаспорасы, romanized: Qazaqtar diasporasy) is a term used to collectively to describe the ethnic or people of Kazakh descent who reside in outside of Kazakhstan across the world in various countries as a result of annexed territories and diasporic migration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Visa requirements for Kazakhstani citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Kazakhstan.. As of 2024, Kazakhstani citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 79 countries and territories, ranking the Kazakhstani passport 63rd in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.
Kazakhstan, [d] officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, [e] is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a small portion situated in Eastern Europe. [f] It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbekistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest, with a coastline along the Caspian Sea.
The proto-Indo-Europeans, i.e. the Yamnaya people and the related cultures, seem to have been a mix from Eastern European hunter-gatherers; and people related to the Near East, [92] i.e. Caucasus hunter-gatherers (CHG) [93] i.e. Iran Chalcolithic people with a Caucasian hunter-gatherer component. [94]
Central Asia is a region of Asia consisting of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. [4] The countries as a group are also colloquially referred to as the "-stans" as all have names ending with the Persian suffix "-stan" (meaning 'land') in both respective native languages and most other languages.
European Kazakhstan covers an area of over 148,000 square kilometres (57,000 sq mi), which puts Kazakhstan in 14th place in terms of territory in Europe (according to the Soviet classification of boundaries between Europe and Asia, 381,567 square kilometres (147,324 sq mi) and 7th place, respectively).