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English: * A vectorized version of Rainbow-diagram-ROYGBIV.PNG. Rainbow diagram showing the conventional arrangement of colours: Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo and Violet. The colours shown do not necessarily correspond to actual wavelengths.
English: This is a diagram of a rainbow, based on File:Rainbow-diagram-ROYGBIV.svg, but with colors closer to the actual spectral colors. Date 6 July 2013, 20:32:16
English: Refraction and reflection in a raindrop, producing a rainbow. White light separates into different colours (wavelengths) on entering the raindrop, as red light is refracted by a lesser angle than blue light. On leaving the raindrop, the red rays have turned through a smaller angle than the blue rays, producing a rainbow.
ROYGBIV is an acronym for the sequence of hues commonly described as making up a rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. When making an artificial rainbow, glass prism is used, but the colors of "ROY-G-BIV" are inverted to VIB-G-YOR".
Photograph of a triangular prism, dispersing light Lamps as seen through a prism. In optics, a dispersive prism is an optical prism that is used to disperse light, that is, to separate light into its spectral components (the colors of the rainbow). Different wavelengths (colors) of light will be deflected by the prism at different angles. [1]
A rainbow is a decomposition of white light into all of the spectral colors. Laser beams are monochromatic light, thereby exhibiting spectral colors. A spectral color is a color that is evoked by monochromatic light, i.e. either a spectral line with a single wavelength or frequency of light in the visible spectrum, or a relatively narrow spectral band (e.g. lasers).
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It is easy to observe that to rainbow-connect any connected graph , we need at least () colors, where () is the diameter of (i.e. the length of the longest shortest path). On the other hand, we can never use more than m {\displaystyle m} colors, where m {\displaystyle m} denotes the number of edges in G {\displaystyle G} .