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In the second trimester, a standard ultrasound exam typically includes: [12] Fetal number, including number of amnionic sacs and chorionic sacs for multiple gestations; Fetal cardiac activity; Fetal position relative to the uterus and cervix; Location and appearance of the placenta, including site of umbilical cord insertion when possible
The anomaly scan, also sometimes called the anatomy scan, 20-week ultrasound, or level 2 ultrasound, evaluates anatomic structures of the fetus, placenta, and maternal pelvic organs. This scan is an important and common component of routine prenatal care . [ 1 ]
In North America placenta praevia occurs in 2.9 per 1000 pregnancies. Ethnic differences indicate white women are less likely to experience placenta praevia than black women. Additionally, more cases of placenta praevia are found in women from low-income areas which are linked to insufficient pregnancy care.
The fetal circulation is composed of the placenta, umbilical blood vessels encapsulated by the umbilical cord, heart and systemic blood vessels. A major difference between the fetal circulation and postnatal circulation is that the lungs are not used during the fetal stage resulting in the presence of shunts to move oxygenated blood and ...
This condition is a placental morphological abnormality, with the placenta being formed during the early periods of pregnancy. Women are able to become pregnant with the onset of ovulation and menstruation in early adolescence, with most women becoming pregnant during adulthood. Circumvallate placenta is currently known to affect about 1-2% of ...
Placental abruption occurs in about 1 in 200 pregnancies. [5] Along with placenta previa and uterine rupture it is one of the most common causes of vaginal bleeding in the later part of pregnancy. [6] Placental abruption is the reason for about 15% of infant deaths around the time of birth. [2] The condition was described at least as early as ...
Somatic errors are thus less likely than meiotic errors to be associated with either ultrasound abnormalities, growth problems or detectable levels of trisomy in small samples of prenatal CVS. Currently, there is no evidence that somatic errors, which lead to confined placental trisomy, are of any clinical consequence.
Ultrasound showing a subchorionic hemorrhage [1] Chorionic hematoma is the pooling of blood ( hematoma ) between the chorion , a membrane surrounding the embryo , and the uterine wall . [ 2 ] It occurs in about 3.1% of all pregnancies , [ 2 ] it is the most common sonographic abnormality and the most common cause of first trimester bleeding .