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According to the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Jaffa had a population of 47,799, consisting of 20,699 Muslims, 20,152 Jews and 6,850 Christians, [60] increasing to 51,866 in the 1931 census, residing in 11,304 houses. [61] During the British Mandate, tension between the Jewish and Arab population increased.
In Rome, Jewish communities thrived economically. Jews became a significant part of the Roman Empire's population in the first century CE, with some estimates as high as 7 million people; [1] [2] however, this estimation has been questioned. [3] [4] Roman general Pompey conquered Jerusalem and its surroundings by 63 BCE.
The Jewish community in Rome is a vibrant and active part of the city's cultural and social fabric. [4] [6] With a history that spans over two millennia, the Jewish population in Rome has managed to preserve its rich heritage while adapting to modern times. [4] [2]
Local population displacements occurred with the expulsion of the Jews from Jerusalem [28] – "In the earlier revolt in the previous century, 66–73 CE, Rome destroyed the Temple and forbade Jews to live in the remaining parts of Jerusalem; for this reason, the Rabbis gathered instead on the Mediterranean coast in Yavneh near Jaffa".
The Great Synagogue of Rome. The history of the Jews in Italy spans more than two thousand years to the present. The Jewish presence in Italy dates to the pre-Christian Roman period and has continued, despite periods of extreme persecution and expulsions, until the present.
Out of an Israeli population of 650,000, some 6,000 men and women were killed in the fighting, including 4,000 soldiers in the IDF (approximately 1% of the Jewish population). According to United Nations figures, 726,000 Palestinians had fled or were expelled by the Israelis between 1947 and 1949.
The siege of Jerusalem of 70 CE was the decisive event of the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73 CE), in which the Roman army led by future emperor Titus besieged Jerusalem, the center of Jewish rebel resistance in the Roman province of Judaea. Following a five-month siege, the Romans destroyed the city, including the Second Jewish Temple. [1][2][3]
The global Jewish population reached 13 million by 1995 and 14 million by 2010. This growth continued, with the population reaching 15 million in 2020. However, the Jewish population has not yet recovered to its pre-World War II size of approximately 16.5 million. [1]