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Commensalism is a long-term biological interaction (symbiosis) in which members of one species gain benefits while those of the other species neither benefit nor are harmed. [ 1 ] This is in contrast with mutualism, in which both organisms benefit from each other; amensalism, where one is harmed while the other is unaffected; and parasitism ...
Ecological facilitation. Ecological facilitation or probiosis describes species interactions that benefit at least one of the participants and cause harm to neither. [1] Facilitations can be categorized as mutualisms, in which both species benefit, or commensalisms, in which one species benefits and the other is unaffected. [1][2][3][4][5] This ...
In ecology, a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other. They can be either of the same species (intraspecific interactions), or of different species (interspecific interactions). These effects may be short-term, or long-term, both often strongly influence the adaptation and ...
Consumer–resource interactions. Consumer–resource interactions are the core motif of ecological food chains or food webs, [ 1 ] and are an umbrella term for a variety of more specialized types of biological species interactions including prey-predator (see predation), host-parasite (see parasitism), plant- herbivore and victim-exploiter ...
Evolutionary biology portal. Category. v. t. e. In evolution, cooperation is the process where groups of organisms work or act together for common or mutual benefits. It is commonly defined as any adaptation that has evolved, at least in part, to increase the reproductive success of the actor's social partners. [ 1 ]
Pseudoscorpion hitching a ride on a fly. A pseudoscorpion on the leg of a crane fly. Phoresis or phoresy is a temporary commensalistic relationship when an organism (a phoront or phoretic) attaches itself to a host organism solely for travel. [2] It has been seen in ticks and mites since the 18th century, [3] and in fossils 320 million years ...
Mutualism in microbial ecology is a relationship between microbial species and humans that allows for both sides to benefit. [31] One such example would be syntrophy, also known as cross-feeding, [30] of which 'Methanobacterium omelianskii ' is a classical example. [32] [33] This consortium is formed by an ethanol fermenting organism and a ...
Plant-animal interactions are important pathways for the transfer of energy within ecosystems, where both advantageous and unfavorable interactions support ecosystem health. [1][2] Plant-animal interactions can take on important ecological functions and manifest in a variety of combinations of favorable and unfavorable associations, for example ...