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  2. Nonprobability sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonprobability_sampling

    Nonprobability sampling is a form of sampling that does not utilise random sampling techniques where the probability of getting any particular sample may be calculated. Nonprobability samples are not intended to be used to infer from the sample to the general population in statistical terms. In cases where external validity is not of critical ...

  3. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

    For example, an interviewer may be told to sample 200 females and 300 males between the age of 45 and 60. It is this second step which makes the technique one of non-probability sampling. In quota sampling the selection of the sample is non-random. For example, interviewers might be tempted to interview those who look most helpful.

  4. Probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution

    t. e. In probability theory and statistics, a probability distribution is the mathematical function that gives the probabilities of occurrence of possible outcomes for an experiment. [1][2] It is a mathematical description of a random phenomenon in terms of its sample space and the probabilities of events (subsets of the sample space). [3]

  5. Nonparametric statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonparametric_statistics

    Nonparametric statistics is a type of statistical analysis that makes minimal assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data being studied. Often these models are infinite-dimensional, rather than finite dimensional, as is parametric statistics. [1] Nonparametric statistics can be used for descriptive statistics or statistical inference.

  6. Survey sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_sampling

    This type of sampling is common in non-probability market research surveys. Convenience Samples: The sample is composed of whatever persons can be most easily accessed to fill out the survey. In non-probability samples the relationship between the target population and the survey sample is immeasurable and potential bias is unknowable.

  7. Sampling distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_distribution

    In statistics, a sampling distribution or finite-sample distribution is the probability distribution of a given random-sample-based statistic.If an arbitrarily large number of samples, each involving multiple observations (data points), were separately used in order to compute one value of a statistic (such as, for example, the sample mean or sample variance) for each sample, then the sampling ...

  8. Convenience sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convenience_sampling

    Convenience sampling. Convenience sampling (also known as grab sampling, accidental sampling, or opportunity sampling) is a type of non-probability sampling that involves the sample being drawn from that part of the population that is close to hand. Convenience sampling is not often recommended by official statistical agencies for research due ...

  9. Independent and identically distributed random variables

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_and...

    In probability theory and statistics, a collection of random variables is independent and identically distributed if each random variable has the same probability distribution as the others and all are mutually independent. [1] This property is usually abbreviated as i.i.d., iid, or IID. IID was first defined in statistics and finds application ...