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As muscle hypertrophy is a response to strenuous anaerobic activity, ordinary everyday activity would become strenuous in diseases that result in premature muscle fatigue (neural or metabolic), or disrupt the excitation-contraction coupling in muscle, or cause repetitive or sustained involuntary muscle contractions (fasciculations, myotonia, or ...
This increases the risk of broadening, smearing, and damage to the sarcomere. When microtrauma occurs to these structures, nociceptors (pain receptors) within the muscle's connective tissues are stimulated and cause a sensation of pain. [7] Another explanation for the pain associated with DOMS is the "enzyme efflux" theory.
Myalgia or muscle pain is a painful sensation evolving from muscle tissue. It is a symptom of many diseases . The most common cause of acute myalgia is the overuse of a muscle or group of muscles ; another likely cause is viral infection , especially when there has been no injury .
Shin splint pain is described as a recurring dull ache, sometimes becoming an intense pain, along the inner part of the lower two-thirds of the tibia. [4] The pain increases during exercise, and some individuals experience swelling in the pain area. [5] In contrast, stress fracture pain is localized to the fracture site. [6]
Fibular and tibial stress fracture: Non-displaced microscopic fracture of the fibular and tibia occurs in many athletes, especially runners, and also in non-athletes who suddenly increase their activity level. [18] Fascial defects: The protrusion of the muscle through the surrounding fascia leads to pain and swelling of the area. [19]
The pain does not resolve on its own, even after typical first-aid self-care such as ice, heat, and rest. [4] Electromyography (EMG) has been used to identify abnormal motor neuron activity in the affected region. [5] A physical exam usually reveals palpable trigger points in affected muscles and taut bands corresponding to the contracted muscles.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome is associated with pain in the knee and around the patella (kneecap). It is sometimes referred to as runner's knee, but this term is also used for other overuse injuries that involve knee pain. It can be caused by a single incident but is often the result of overuse or a sudden increase in physical activity.
Muscle inflammation, strain, tenderness, swelling and muscle tear from muscle overuse or incorrect movement are several conditions often experienced by athletes and the common public during and after high impact physical activities. Therefore, suggested pain management mechanisms are provided to reduce pain and prevent the progression of injury.