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Domperidone, sold under the brand name Motilium among others, is a dopamine antagonist medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and certain gastrointestinal problems like gastroparesis (delayed gastric emptying). It raises the level of prolactin in the human body and is used off label to induce and promote breast milk production.
A galactagogue, or galactogogue (from Greek: γάλα [γαλακτ-], milk, + ἀγωγός, leading), also known as a lactation inducer or milk booster, is a substance that promotes lactation in humans and other animals. [1] [2] It may be synthetic, plant-derived, or endogenous. They may be used to induce lactation and to treat low milk supply.
Most recently a subject of transgender health care, multiple case reports have described transgender women successfully inducing lactation. [26] [27] Research has indicated that such breast milk is nutritionally comparable to both the milk of naturally lactating and induced lactating cisgender women. [28] Domperidone is a drug that can induce ...
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Whereas D 2 receptor agonists suppress prolactin secretion, dopamine D 2 receptor antagonists like domperidone and metoclopramide have the opposite effect, strongly inducing the pituitary secretion of prolactin, and are sometimes used as prolactin releasers, for instance to correct hypoprolactinemia (low prolactin levels) in the treatment of lactation failure. [2]
Galactogogues such as the peripherally selective D 2 receptor antagonist and prolactin releaser domperidone can be used to induce lactation in transgender women who wish to breastfeed. [273] [274] [65] An extended period of combined estrogen and progestogen therapy is necessary to mature the lobuloalveolar tissue of the breasts before this can ...
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Male lactation can occur; the production or administration of the hormone prolactin is necessary to induce lactation (see male lactation). Actual inability to produce enough milk is rare, with studies showing that mothers from malnourished regions still produce amounts of milk of similar quality to that of mothers in developed countries. [36]