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  2. Reception of Islam in early modern Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reception_of_Islam_in...

    Only some of the Arabian slaves in Europe were Muslims by origin. [20] Many of the Muslim slaves were baptized before they were sold for the first time and then were given a new Christian name. There were, however, some Muslims who were not baptized and who kept their original names, but if they had children the newborns were immediately baptized.

  3. Early Muslim conquests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 12 December 2024. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...

  4. Economic history of the Arab world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_the...

    K. N. Chaudhuri (1985) Trade and civilisation in the Indian Ocean: an economic history from the rise of Islam to 1750 CUP. Nelly Hanna, ed. (2002). Money, land and trade: an economic history of the Muslim Mediterranean. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-699-7. Zvi Yehuda Hershlag (1980). Introduction to the modern economic history of the Middle East ...

  5. List of Muslim states and dynasties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Muslim_states_and...

    This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day. [citation needed]

  6. History of Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Europe

    In eastern Europe, Volga Bulgaria became an Islamic state in 921, after Almış I converted to Islam under the missionary efforts of Ahmad ibn Fadlan. [43] Slavery in the early medieval period had mostly died out in western Europe by about the year 1000 AD, replaced by serfdom. It lingered longer in England and in peripheral areas linked to the ...

  7. Early Caliphate navy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Caliphate_navy

    The nature of the Ports, Sea route, and Armada of eastern Caliphate fleet were characterized by the Arabic trade route which existed before Islam, particularly the eastern route. [177] There are some of earlier ports in Yemen that requisited by Islamic caliphate earlier before the conquest started:

  8. Radhanite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radhanite

    They engaged in this trade regularly and over an extended period of time, centuries before Marco Polo and ibn Battuta brought their tales of travel in the Orient to the Christians and the Muslims, respectively. Ibn Battuta is believed to have traveled with the Muslim traders who traveled to the Orient on routes similar to those used by the ...

  9. Trans-Saharan trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans-Saharan_trade

    Several trade routes became established, perhaps the most important terminating in Sijilmasa and Ifriqiya to the north. There, and in other North African cities, Berber traders had increased contact with Islam, encouraging conversions, and by the 8th century, Muslims were traveling to Ghana.