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The enclosure of towns brought about a lack of living space within the walls, and resulted in a style of town house that was tall and narrow, often surrounding communal courtyards, as at San Gimignano in Tuscany. [3] [4] In Germany, the Holy Roman Emperors built a number of residences both castles and palaces, at strategic points and on trade ...
Schloss Machern (Machern Castle) near Leipzig is an example of a typical manor house, it evolved from a medieval castle which was originally protected by a water moat and later was converted into a baroque-style castle with typical architectural features of the period and one of the first English-style parks in Germany.
Plan of Topcliffe Castle in North Yorkshire, an archetypal motte-and-bailey design Castle Pulverbatch in Shropshire in England was built in the 11th or 12th century and abandoned by 1202. This digital elevation model shows the motte just left of centre, with the bailey to the right (north-east) of it.
Romanesque architecture [1] is an architectural style of medieval Europe that was predominant in the 11th and 12th centuries. [2] The style eventually developed into the Gothic style with the shape of the arches providing a simple distinction: the Romanesque is characterized by semicircular arches, while the Gothic is marked by the pointed arches.
Such castles or tower houses are typically built on asymmetric plans. Often this is a Z-plan as at Claypotts Castle (1569–1588), or on an L-plan as at Colliston. Roof lines are uneven and irregular. The Scottish baronial style coexisted even in Scotland with Northern Renaissance architecture, which was preferred by the wealthier clients.
The Rothschild style, known as le goût Rothschild (French for 'the Rothschild taste'), describes a detailed, elaborate style of interior decoration during the nineteenth century. The Rothschild aesthetic and life-style later influenced other rich and powerful families, including the Astors , Vanderbilts and Rockefellers , and became hallmarks ...
Tower houses are often called castles, and despite their characteristic compact footprint size, they are formidable habitations and there is no clear distinction between a castle and a tower house. In Scotland a classification system has been widely accepted based on ground plan, such as the L-plan castle style, one example being the original ...
In the Late Gothic period, Flamboyant was the primary style in France (and Spain) and Perpendicular was the main style in England. Although from the 15th century the Gothic style was replaced by Renaissance architecture , marking the end of the Middle Ages and medieval architecture, there were Gothic Revival and Romanesque Revival movements in ...