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The Rock in 1890 Monaco in 2011 Monaco in 1848, before it gave up areas to France. The early history of Monaco is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the Rock of Monaco, the area's chief geological landmark, which served first as a shelter for ancient peoples and later as a fortress.
François Grimaldi was the leader of a group of Genoese that seized the Rock of Monaco. His cousin Rainier was the first Grimaldi ruler of the area now known as Monaco. Rainier I, Lord of Cagnes (1267–1314) Under Genoese control from 10 April 1301 to 12 September 1331 Lords of Monaco: Charles I (?–1357) 12 September 1331 15 August 1357
Monaco, [a] officially the Principality of Monaco, [b] is a sovereign city-state and microstate on the French Riviera a few kilometres west of the Italian region of Liguria, in Western Europe, on the Mediterranean Sea. It is a semi-enclave bordered by France to the north, east and west.
The sovereign prince (French: prince de Monaco) is the monarch and head of state of the Principality of Monaco. All reigning princes and princesses have taken the name of the House of Grimaldi. When Prince Rainier III died in 2005, he was Europe's longest reigning monarch. [1]
Monaco and the neighbouring County of Nice were taken by the revolutionary army in 1792, and were French-controlled until 1815. Nice passed back to the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815; then it was ceded to France by the Treaty of Turin (1860). Monaco was re-established by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, with a brief Italian occupation in 1940–43.
The Mayor of Monaco announces Prince Albert I's concessions to the people. The Monégasque Revolution (French: révolution monégasque) was a series of confrontations by the subjects of Monaco against their ruler, Prince Albert I. [1] It led to the end of absolute monarchy with the promulgation of the Constitution of Monaco the following year. [2]
In the late 1850s, Monaco was an unlikely place for a resort to succeed. The lack of roads needed to connect Monaco to Nice and the rest of Europe, and the absence of comfortable accommodations for visitors, as well as the concessionaires' failure to publicize the new resort, resulted in far fewer customers than was originally anticipated ...
Monaco's geographic location was crucial to Italy's strategic goals. Mussolini deployed his forces to take Monaco in June 1940, shortly after Italy declared war on France, in order to control the port of Monte Carlo and gain a territorial advantage. [10] By early 1942, Monaco's port was under the Italian Armistice Commission's control.