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2. Sampling (statistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_(statistics)

   For example, in an opinion poll, possible sampling frames include an electoral register and a telephone directory. A probability sample is a sample in which every unit in the population has a chance (greater than zero) of being selected in the sample, and this probability can be accurately determined. The combination of these traits makes it ...

3. Bootstrapping (statistics) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrapping_(statistics)

   Given an r-sample statistic, one can create an n-sample statistic by something similar to bootstrapping (taking the average of the statistic over all subsamples of size r). This procedure is known to have certain good properties and the result is a U-statistic. The sample mean and sample variance are of this form, for r = 1 and r = 2.

4. Sample size determination - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_size_determination

   Sample sizes may be evaluated by the quality of the resulting estimates, as follows. It is usually determined on the basis of the cost, time or convenience of data collection and the need for sufficient statistical power. For example, if a proportion is being estimated, one may wish to have the 95% confidence interval be

5. Simple random sample - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_random_sample

   In statistics, a simple random sample (or SRS) is a subset of individuals ... For example, suppose N college students want to get a ticket for a basketball game, ...

6. Descriptive statistics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive_statistics

   For example, in papers reporting on human subjects, typically a table is included giving the overall sample size, sample sizes in important subgroups (e.g., for each treatment or exposure group), and demographic or clinical characteristics such as the average age, the proportion of subjects of each sex, the proportion of subjects with related ...

7. Statistic - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistic

   A statistic (singular) or sample statistic is any quantity computed from values in a sample which is considered for a statistical purpose. Statistical purposes include estimating a population parameter, describing a sample, or evaluating a hypothesis. The average (or mean) of sample values is a statistic. The term statistic is used both for the ...

8. Statistics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics

   When full census data cannot be collected, statisticians collect sample data by developing specific experiment designs and survey samples. Statistics itself also provides tools for prediction and forecasting through statistical models. To use a sample as a guide to an entire population, it is important that it truly represents the overall ...

9. Independent and identically distributed random variables

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_and...

   A random sample can be thought of as a set of objects that are chosen randomly. More formally, it is "a sequence of independent, identically distributed (IID) random data points." In other words, the terms random sample and IID are synonymous. In statistics, "random sample" is the typical terminology, but in probability, it is more common to ...