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In chemistry, acid value (AV, acid number, neutralization number or acidity) is a number used to quantify the acidity of a given chemical substance.It is the quantity of base (usually potassium hydroxide (KOH)), expressed as milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the acidic constituents in 1 gram of a sample.
The effect of this is that, in restricted environments, such as when fatty acids are part of a phospholipid in a lipid bilayer or triglycerides in lipid droplets, cis bonds limit the ability of fatty acids to be closely packed, and therefore can affect the melting temperature of the membrane or of the fat. Cis unsaturated fatty acids, however ...
Example of saponification reaction of a triglyceride molecule (left) with potassium hydroxide (KOH) yielding glycerol (purple) and salts of fatty acids ().. Saponification value or saponification number (SV or SN) represents the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) required to saponify one gram of fat under the conditions specified.
It is abundantly present in many animal fats, constituting 37 to 56% of chicken and turkey fat, [13] and 44 to 47% of lard. Free oleic acid occurs in oils and fats as a product of the breakdown of triglycerides. Olive oil exceeding 2% free oleic acid is graded unfit for human consumption. See Fatty acid § Free fatty acids. [7]
The type of fat that is used for energy storage is known as adipose tissue. [7] This adipose tissue is made up adipocytes which store the energy in the chemical bonds of triglycerides. [ 5 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] For example, prior to an animal going through hibernation, an animal will build up large reserves of adipocytes to ensure it has the energy to ...
The saponification value is the amount of base required to saponify a fat sample. [3] Soap makers formulate their recipes with a small deficit of lye to account for the unknown deviation of saponification value between their oil batch and laboratory averages.
The Reichert value is an indicator of how much volatile fatty acid can be extracted from a particular fat or oil through saponification. It is equal to the number of millilitres of 0.1 normal hydroxide solution necessary for the neutralization of the water-soluble volatile fatty acids distilled and filtered from 5 grams of a given saponified fat.
The nutritional values are expressed as percent (%) by mass of total fat. Type ... Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein, and Amino Acids [209] ...