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In a volcanic eruption, lava, volcanic bombs, ash, and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent and fissure. While many eruptions only pose dangers to the immediately surrounding area, Earth's largest eruptions can have a major regional or even global impact, with some affecting the climate and contributing to mass extinctions.
Volcano VEI Location Year Eruption Source(s) 71,000 to 250,100+ Mount Tambora: 7 Indonesia: 1815 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora, Year Without a Summer: 36,000+ Krakatoa: 6 Indonesia: 1883 1883 eruption of Krakatoa: 30,000 Mount Pelée: 4 Martinique: 1902 1902 eruption of Mount Pelée: 23,000 Nevado del Ruiz: 3 Colombia: 1985 Armero tragedy ...
Volcano/complex Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot Material volume (km 3) Age in Ka [1] Tephra or eruption name 6 Lolobau Island: Bismarck Volcanic Arc 50 12 caldera formation 6 Menengai: Great Rift Valley, Kenya < 25 12.3 Ruplax Tuff 6 Nevado de Toluca: Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt: 20 12.5 Upper Toluca Pumice 6 Sakurajima: Kyūshū: 11 12.8
On June 15, 1991, a rumbling Mount Pinatubo grew and grew until it exploded in the biggest volcanic eruption on Earth in 100 years. Super-pressurized, gas-charged magma burst through and a cloud ...
On 15 July 1815, Mount Tambora, a volcano on the island of Sumbawa in present-day Indonesia (then part of the Dutch East Indies), erupted in what is now considered the most powerful volcanic eruption in recorded human history. [2] This eruption, with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of 7, ejected 37–45 km 3 (8.9–10.8 cubic miles) of dense ...
Largest and deadliest volcanic eruption in recorded history. Caused the "Year Without a Summer" in 1816. 4 Mount Mayon [71] Philippines 1814 1,200 The town of Cagsawa was buried and approximately 1,200 people were killed. [93] 4 Suwanosejima [74] Japan 1813 4 Mount Awu [28] Indonesia 1812 4 La Soufrière [68] Saint Vincent and the Grenadines ...
Many think of Mt. St. Helens as one of the larger volcano eruptions, but they can get much bigger. Here's how the largest volcanoes measure up.
The volcanic island of Anak Krakatau in Indonesia saw an eruption on 22 December 2018 which caused a deadly tsunami, with waves surging up to five meters in height. The tsunami killed at least 437 ...