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Buddhist ethics are traditionally based on the enlightened perspective of the Buddha. [1] In Buddhism, ethics or morality are understood by the term śīla (Sanskrit: शील) or sīla . Śīla is one of three sections of the Noble Eightfold Path.
Studying lay and monastic ethical practice in traditional Buddhist societies, Spiro argued ethical guidelines such as the five precepts are adhered to as a means to a higher end, that is, a better rebirth or enlightenment. He therefore concluded that Buddhist ethical principles like the five precepts are similar to Western utilitarianism. [64]
Buddhist ethics as an academic discipline is relatively new, blossoming in the mid-1990s. [1] Much like Critical Buddhism and Buddhist modernism, it is a result of recent exchanges of Eastern and Western thought.
These sets of "restrains" (saṃvāra) are the main ethical code in Mahāyāna Buddhism and as thus also sometimes called "Mahāyāna precepts" (Ch: 大乘戒). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Traditionally, monastics observed the basic moral code in Buddhism, the monastic prātimokṣa or five precepts for laypersons, but in the Mahāyāna tradition, Buddhist ...
The Buddhist religion presents a multitude of Buddhist paths to liberation; with the expansion of early Buddhism from ancient India to Sri Lanka and subsequently to East Asia and Southeast Asia, [4] [5] Buddhist thinkers have covered topics as varied as cosmology, ethics, epistemology, logic, metaphysics, ontology, phenomenology, the philosophy ...
In Buddhism, the Eight Precepts (Sanskrit: aṣṭāṇga-śīla or aṣṭā-sīla, Pali: aṭṭhaṅga-sīla or aṭṭha-sīla) is a list of moral precepts that are observed by Nuns, or Upāsakas and Upasikās (lay Buddhists) on Uposatha (observance days) and special occasions.
The word sīla, though translated by English writers as linked to "morals or ethics", states Bhikkhu Bodhi, is in ancient and medieval Buddhist commentary tradition closer to the concept of discipline and disposition that "leads to harmony at several levels – social, psychological, karmic and contemplative". Such harmony creates an ...
The "naturalized Buddhism", according to Gowans, is a radical revision to traditional Buddhist thought and practice, and it attacks the structure behind the hopes, needs and rationalization of the realities of human life to traditional Buddhists in East, Southeast and South Asia. [226]