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A "multigravida" or "secundigravida" is a female who has been pregnant more than once. Terms such as "gravida 0", referring to a nulligravida, "gravida 1" for a primigravida, and so on, can also be used. The term "elderly primigravida" has also been used to refer to a female in their first pregnancy who is at least 35 years old. [7]
A woman who is (or has been only) pregnant for the first time is referred to as a primigravida, [21] and a woman in subsequent pregnancies as a multigravida or as multiparous. [19] [22] Therefore, during a second pregnancy a woman would be described as gravida 2, para 1 and upon live delivery as gravida 2, para 2.
Parity learning, a problem in machine learning; Parity of even and odd functions; Parity (physics), a symmetry property of physical quantities or processes under spatial inversion; Parity (biology), the number of times a female has given birth; gravidity and parity represent pregnancy and viability, respectively
The study of the early history of common law in the context of the abortion debate presents some challenges. Over the years dedicated scholars have uncovered case law that supports the argument that abortion was considered murder, in at least some cases, even before quickening.
In general, the older literature defines “grand multiparity” (GM) as parity >7 [2,3]. More recent reports select a definition of GM to start from a parity of 5 because the threshold of risks of any obstetric complication, neonatal morbidity, and perinatal death increase markedly at parity ≥5 [4,5].
Triplet brothers at graduation. A multiple birth is the culmination of one multiple pregnancy, wherein the mother gives birth to two or more babies.A term most applicable to vertebrate species, multiple births occur in most kinds of mammals, with varying frequencies.
A parity progression ratios (PPR) is a measure commonly used in demography to study fertility. The PPR is simply the proportion of women with a certain number of children who go on to have another child. Calculating the PPR, also known as , can be achieved by using the following formula:
A contraction stress test (CST) is performed near the end of pregnancy (34 weeks' gestation) to determine how well the fetus will cope with the contractions of childbirth.The aim is to induce contractions and monitor the fetus to check for heart rate abnormalities using a cardiotocograph.