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Rhinitis medicamentosa (or RM, also known as rebound congestion) is a condition of rebound nasal congestion suspected to be brought on by extended use of topical decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline, and naphazoline nasal sprays) and certain oral medications (e.g., sympathomimetic amines and various 2-imidazolines) that constrict blood vessels in the lining of the ...
Prevention may include the use of petroleum jelly in the nose. [4] Initially, treatment is generally the application of pressure for at least five minutes over the lower half of the nose. [5] If this is not sufficient, nasal packing may be used. [5] Tranexamic acid may also be helpful. [6] If bleeding episodes continue, endoscopy is recommended ...
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Potentiates warfarin activity, leading to excessive anticoagulation and bleeding [3] [13] Dong quai female ginseng Angelica sinensis: May induce uterine contractions; contraindicated when pregnant or nursing [14] European Mistletoe: common mistletoe Viscum album: Toxic to cardio and central nervous systems, gastrointestinal bleeding [3] Ephedra ...
Rhinitis is categorized into three types (although infectious rhinitis is typically regarded as a separate clinical entity due to its transient nature): (i) infectious rhinitis includes acute and chronic bacterial infections; (ii) nonallergic rhinitis [14] includes vasomotor, idiopathic, hormonal, atrophic, occupational, and gustatory rhinitis, as well as rhinitis medicamentosa (rebound ...
Xylometazoline works by stimulating adrenergic receptors on the lamina propria of blood vessels in the nose. The decongestant effect is due to constriction of large veins in the nose which swell up during the inflammation of any infection or allergy of the nose.
Oxymetazoline, sold under the brand name Afrin among others, is a topical decongestant and vasoconstrictor medication. It is available over-the-counter as a nasal spray to treat nasal congestion and nosebleeds, as eye drops to treat eye redness due to minor irritation, and (in the United States) as a prescription topical cream to treat persistent facial redness due to rosacea in adults.
They work to very quickly open up nasal passages by constricting blood vessels in the lining of the nose. Prolonged use of these types of sprays can damage the delicate mucous membranes in the nose. This causes increased inflammation, an effect known as rhinitis medicamentosa or the rebound effect. Decongestant nasal sprays are advised for ...