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Jewish culture is the culture of the Jewish people, [1] from its formation in ancient times until the current age. Judaism itself is not simply a faith-based religion, but an orthoprax and ethnoreligion , pertaining to deed, practice, and identity. [ 2 ]
Jewish religious doctrine encompasses a wide body of texts, practices, theological positions, and forms of organization. Among Judaism's core texts is the Torah , the first five books of the Hebrew Bible , and a collection of ancient Hebrew scriptures.
Jewish ritual objects shown on a gold goblet (2nd century CE) excavated in Rome. The Torah delineates three pilgrimage festivals: Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot. Each of these is tied to the agricultural cycle of the Israelites, and also has a theological symbolism. Passover celebrated the rebirth of nature, and symbolized the origin of the ...
The book provides a broad survey of Jewish history, tracing the development of Jewish culture, religion, and identity from ancient times to the modern era. Johnson explores the Jewish people's contributions to civilization, their resilience in the face of persecution, and their influence on global history.
Jewish tradition mostly emphasizes free will, and most Jewish thinkers reject determinism, on the basis that free will and the exercise of free choice have been considered a precondition of moral life. [28] "Moral indeterminacy seems to be assumed both by the Bible, which bids man to choose between good and evil, and by the rabbis, who hold the ...
Jewish individuals have played a significant role in the development and growth of Western culture, [50] [51] advancing many fields of thought, science and technology, [40] both historically and in modern times, [352] including through discrete trends in Jewish philosophy, Jewish ethics [353] and Jewish literature, [40] as well as specific ...
The midrash [2] is the genre of rabbinic literature which contains early interpretations and commentaries on the Written Torah and Oral Torah, as well as non-legalistic rabbinic literature and occasionally the Jewish religious laws , which usually form a running commentary on specific passages in the Tanakh. [3]
Avraham son of Rambam, continued fighting for his father's beliefs in the East; desecration of Maimonides' tomb, at Tiberias by Jews, was a profound shock to Jews throughout the Diaspora and caused all to pause and reflect upon what was being done to the fabric of Jewish culture. This compelled many anti-Maimonideans to recant their assertions ...