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The Vijayanagara Empire, [a] also known as the Karnata Kingdom, was a late medieval Hindu empire that ruled much of southern India. It was established in 1336 by the brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I of the Sangama dynasty , belonging to the Yadava clan of Chandravamsa lineage.
The Vijayanagara Empire (1336–1646) was the most prominent medieval Hindu empire of southern India.It was established on the banks of Tungabhadra River in present-day Karnataka and consisted of the modern states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Goa and some parts of Telangana, Maharashtra and Sri Lanka.
The Vijayanagara empire was founded by the duo Harihara and Bukka. The empire was established during tough times when Kakatiyas of Warangal and King Kampili of Kummatadurga were killed and their dynasties uprooted by the Delhi Sultanate .
The emperor Deva Raya II (r. 1424 – 1446) of the Vijayanagara Empire conquered about the whole of present-day state of Kerala in the 15th century. [97] He defeated the Zamorin of Kozhikode, as well as the ruler of Kollam around 1443. [92] Fernão Nunes says that the Zamorin had to pay tribute to the king of Vijayanagara Empire. [97]
The following list enumerates Hindu monarchies in chronological order of establishment dates. These monarchies were widespread in South Asia since about 1500 BC, [1] went into slow decline in the medieval times, with most gone by the end of the 17th century, although the last one, the Kingdom of Nepal, dissolved only in the 2008.
In 1474 A.D., [1] after subjugating the city of Belgaum, Mahmud Gawan requested an advance permission to march towards the capital of Vijayanagara State from Muhammad Shah III. [2] Subsequently, in the same year, he seized the capital town of Vijayanagara Empire through a siege upon it. [3]
The Hoysala Empire and temple cities such as those in Halebidu, Belur and Somanathapura were plundered in early 14th century. [26] [27] [5] From the ruins of this collapse and destruction emerged Vijayanagara Empire and its new capital Vijayanagara. [5] [6] [28] The city was founded by Harihara I and Bukka, the Sangama brothers. [29]
The empire suffered a significant setback at the hands of the Deccan Sultanates during this battle, where it lost over 100,000 soldiers. Furthermore, the Bijapur army made substantial inroads into Vijayanagara territory, destroying idols and temples. Subsequently, the Vijayanagara empire struggled to recover and regain its former strength.