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A blood test can be performed to quantify total homocysteine concentration in the plasma, of which approximately 80% is generally protein-bound. Classification of hyperhomocysteinemia is defined with respect to serum concentration as follows: [citation needed] Moderate: 15–30 nmol/mL (or μmol/L) Intermediate: 30–100 nmol/mL; Severe: > 100 ...
In the body, homocysteine can be recycled into methionine or converted into cysteine with the aid of vitamin B 6, B 9, and B 12. [3] High levels of homocysteine in the blood (hyperhomocysteinemia) is regarded as a marker of cardiovascular disease, likely working through atherogenesis, which can result in ischemic injury.
Acute posthemorrhagic anemia (also known as acute blood loss anemia) is a condition in which a person quickly loses a large volume of circulating hemoglobin. Acute blood loss is usually associated with an incident of trauma or a severe injury resulting in a large loss of blood. It can also occur during or after a surgical procedure. [19]
There is also an elevated risk of neural tube defects among children of individuals with the C677T polymorphism (odds ratio 1.38). [6] Common MTHFR deficiencies were once thought to be associated with cardiovascular risk, but meta-analyses indicate that correlation this was an artifact of publication bias. [clarification needed] [7] [8]
children, varies with age 1.12-1.65 × 10 −1: adult, male 1.4-1.8 × 10 −1: adult, female 1.2-1.6 × 10 −1: inside erythrocyte ~3.3 × 10 −1: per red blood cell 27-32 picograms Hexosephosphate P 1.4-5 × 10 −5: 0-2 × 10 −6: Histamine: 6.7-8.6 × 10 −8: Histidine: 9-17 × 10 −6: 1.1-3.8 × 10 −5: Hydrogen ion(pH 7.4) 4 × 10 ...
Blood tests: A blood test can measure vitamin B12 levels, along with other markers such as homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, which may also indicate a deficiency. Imaging studies: If gastrointestinal cancer is suspected, imaging techniques like CT scans, MRIs, or endoscopy are used to identify tumors or other abnormalities in the digestive ...
The index is calculated from the results of a complete blood count. If the quotient of the mean corpuscular volume (MCV, in fL) divided by the red blood cell count (RBC, in million per microliter) is less than 13, β-thalassemia trait is said to be more likely. If the result is greater than 13, then iron-deficiency anemia is said to be more likely.
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA) is a rare blood disorder, similar to the thalassemias. CDA is one of many types of anemia , characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis , and resulting from a decrease in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in the body and a less than normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood. [ 2 ]