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A peritonsillar abscess (PTA), also known as a quinsy, is an accumulation of pus due to an infection behind the tonsil. [2] Symptoms include fever, throat pain, trouble opening the mouth, and a change to the voice. [1] Pain is usually worse on one side. [1] Complications may include blockage of the airway or aspiration pneumonitis. [1]
Diagnosis is made through a combination of patient history, neurological examination, and medical imaging. [23] [24] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the preferred imaging modality for Chiari malformation. [25] The MRI visualizes neural tissue such as the cerebellar tonsils and spinal cord as well as bone and other soft tissues.
Fish bone is any bony tissue in a fish, although in common usage the term refers specifically to delicate parts of the non-vertebral skeleton of such as ribs, fin spines and intramuscular bones. Not all fish have fish bones in this sense; for instance, eels and anglerfish do not possess bones other than the cranium and the vertebrae.
Tonsil stones, also known as tonsilloliths, are mineralizations of debris within the crevices of the tonsils. [1] [3] When not mineralized, the presence of debris is known as chronic caseous tonsillitis (CCT). [1] Symptoms may include bad breath, [1] foreign body sensation, sore throat, pain or discomfort with swallowing, and cough. [4]
Some fish show no external symptoms, but others show signs of infection that include bulging eyes, bloated abdomens, bruised-looking reddish tints to the eyes, skin, gills and fins. Some infected fish have open sores that may look like the lesions from other diseases or from lamprey attacks.
Like chondrostean fish, the major immune tissues of bony fish (or teleostei) include the kidney (especially the anterior kidney), which houses many different immune cells. [57] In addition, teleost fish possess a thymus, spleen and scattered immune areas within mucosal tissues (e.g. in the skin, gills, gut and gonads).
Arnold–Chiari malformation is a condition where the cerebellar tonsils have descended, and should be considered in differential diagnosis of sCSFLS. Several complications can occur as a result of sCSFLS including decreased cranial pressure, brain herniation, infection, blood pressure problems, transient paralysis, and coma.
This includes material such as most plastics, most fish bones, wood, and most aluminum objects. [13] Other diagnostic imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and ventilation perfusion scans play a limited role in the diagnosis of foreign body aspiration. [7]