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  2. Programming languages used in most popular websites

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming_languages_used...

    One thing the most visited websites have in common is that they are dynamic websites.Their development typically involves server-side coding, client-side coding and database technology.

  3. JavaScript syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript_syntax

    When assigning an identifier, JavaScript goes through exactly the same process to retrieve this identifier, except that if it is not found in the global scope, it will create the "variable" in the scope where it was created. [8] As a consequence, a variable never declared will be global, if assigned.

  4. Timeline of programming languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_programming...

    none (unique language) 1954 IPL I (concept) Allen Newell, Cliff Shaw, Herbert A. Simon: none (unique language) 1955 Address programming language: Kateryna Yushchenko: Operator programming – Alexey Andreevich Lyapunov & Kateryna Yushchenko & MESM: 1955 FLOW-MATIC: Team led by Grace Hopper at UNIVAC A-0 1955 BACAIC M. Grems and R. Porter 1955 ...

  5. Non-local variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-local_variable

    In programming language theory, a non-local variable is a variable that is not defined in the local scope. While the term can refer to global variables, it is primarily used in the context of nested and anonymous functions where some variables can be in neither the local nor the global scope. In Lua they are called the upvalues of the function. [1]

  6. Scope (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_(computer_science)

    Name resolution (including scope) varies between programming languages, and within a programming language, varies by type of entity; the rules for scope are called scope rules (or scoping rules). Together with namespaces , scope rules are crucial in modular programming , so a change in one part of the program does not break an unrelated part.

  7. Global variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_variable

    In computer programming, a global variable is a variable with global scope, meaning that it is visible (hence accessible) throughout the program, unless shadowed. The set of all global variables is known as the global environment or global state.

  8. Immediately invoked function expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immediately_invoked...

    An immediately invoked function expression (or IIFE, pronounced "iffy", IPA /ˈɪf.i/) is a programming language idiom which produces a lexical scope using function scoping. It was popular in JavaScript [1] as a method of supporting modular programming before the introduction of more standardized solutions such as CommonJS and ES modules. [2]

  9. JavaScript - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaScript

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 February 2025. High-level programming language Not to be confused with Java (programming language), Javanese script, or ECMAScript. JavaScript Screenshot of JavaScript source code Paradigm Multi-paradigm: event-driven, functional, imperative, procedural, object-oriented Designed by Brendan Eich of ...