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The standard logistic function is the logistic function with parameters =, =, =, which yields = + = + = / / + /.In practice, due to the nature of the exponential function, it is often sufficient to compute the standard logistic function for over a small range of real numbers, such as a range contained in [−6, +6], as it quickly converges very close to its saturation values of 0 and 1.
If p is a probability, then p/(1 − p) is the corresponding odds; the logit of the probability is the logarithm of the odds, i.e.: = = = = (). The base of the logarithm function used is of little importance in the present article, as long as it is greater than 1, but the natural logarithm with base e is the one most often used.
Its cumulative distribution function is the logistic function, which appears in logistic regression and feedforward neural networks. It resembles the normal distribution in shape but has heavier tails (higher kurtosis). The logistic distribution is a special case of the Tukey lambda distribution.
An explanation of logistic regression can begin with an explanation of the standard logistic function. The logistic function is a sigmoid function, which takes any real input , and outputs a value between zero and one. [2] For the logit, this is interpreted as taking input log-odds and having output probability. The standard logistic function ...
In probability theory, a logit-normal distribution is a probability distribution of a random variable whose logit has a normal distribution.If Y is a random variable with a normal distribution, and t is the standard logistic function, then X = t(Y) has a logit-normal distribution; likewise, if X is logit-normally distributed, then Y = logit(X)= log (X/(1-X)) is normally distributed.
These are called margin-based loss functions. Choosing a margin-based loss function amounts to choosing ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } . Selection of a loss function within this framework impacts the optimal f ϕ ∗ {\displaystyle f_{\phi }^{*}} which minimizes the expected risk, see empirical risk minimization .
The logit function, () = is the inverse of the logistic function. This relationship explains the name logistic-beta for this distribution: if the logistic function is applied to logistic-beta variates, the transformed distribution is beta.
Sigmoid curves are also common in statistics as cumulative distribution functions (which go from 0 to 1), such as the integrals of the logistic density, the normal density, and Student's t probability density functions. The logistic sigmoid function is invertible, and its inverse is the logit function.
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