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To solve the third-degree equation x 3 + a 2 x = b Khayyám constructed the parabola x 2 = ay, a circle with diameter b/a 2, and a vertical line through the intersection point. The solution is given by the length of the horizontal line segment from the origin to the intersection of the vertical line and the x-axis.
Just as the bit is the basic concept of classical information theory, the qubit is the fundamental unit of quantum information.The same term qubit is used to refer to an abstract mathematical model and to any physical system that is represented by that model.