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ECoG may be performed either in the operating room during surgery (intraoperative ECoG) or outside of surgery (extraoperative ECoG). Because a craniotomy (a surgical incision into the skull) is required to implant the electrode grid, ECoG is an invasive procedure.
Electrocochleography (abbreviated ECochG or ECOG) is a technique of recording electrical potentials generated in the inner ear and auditory nerve in response to sound stimulation, using an electrode placed in the ear canal or tympanic membrane. [1]
The ECOG system loses signals in less than 2 years [14]. [11] Many emerging electrode types, such as those being developed by Neuralink, still suffer from similar problems. Data from metal electrodes, however, are very useful in the short term and have produced copious amounts of very useful data in the brain to computer research space.
When electrical recordings are made from the skin, it is considered to be an ECG as described above.However, electrical recordings made from within the heart such as with an artificial cardiac pacemaker or during an electrophysiology study, the signals recorded are considered an "electrogram" instead of an ECG.
The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) began in 1955 as one of the first publicly funded cooperative groups to perform multi-center clinical trials for cancer research. [1] A cooperative group in oncology constitutes a large network of private and public medical institutions developing protocols for cancer treatments.
2 points: Age 60–69, ECOG performance status of 2–4, LDH 1-1.49 times the upper limit of normal, or WBC 10,000-14,000 cells/mcl; 3 points: Age 70 or greater, LDH 1.5 times the upper limit of normal or greater, and WBC of 15,000 cells/mcl or greater; The sum of the allotted points correlates with the following risk groups:
Direct cortical stimulation and somatosensory evoked potentials recorded on electrocorticography (ECoG) are considered the gold standard for localizing essential brain regions. These procedures can be performed either intraoperatively or from chronically indwelling subdural grid electrodes. Both are invasive.
ERPs can be reliably measured using electroencephalography (EEG), a procedure that measures electrical activity of the brain over time using electrodes placed on the scalp. The EEG reflects thousands of simultaneously ongoing brain processes. This means that the brain response to a single stimulus or event of interest is not usually visible in ...