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It evolved from the baroque one key transverso flute. The four key flute preempted the five key, and it progressed through multiple keyed flutes. It uses the six-hole fingering system of the fife for its natural scale, with the metal keys adding the ability to play the full chromatic scale and therefore making it possible to play in any key.
The more specific effect is to treat fife subtypes sounding in different keys as comparable to transposing-instrument subtypes (e.g., of clarinet) sounding in those keys except that the tonic of the key in which a given fife sounds is set as corresponding to D rather than C, such that the written key signature for fife music played in a given ...
The particular tuning depends heavily on the region in which it is played. An eight-hole duduk (not counting the thumb hole on the lower side) can play ten successive notes of a diatonic scale with simple fingering, or sixteen consecutive notes of a chromatic scale by half-covering holes. For example, an A duduk can play all the notes from F ...
It often contains fingering charts, scales, exercises, and occasionally etudes. These exercises are often presented in different keys in ascending order to aid in difficulty, known as methodical progression, or to focus on isolated aspects like fluency, rhythm , dynamics , and articulation .
The fixed pitch could match the fingering of the main sound chamber with all the finger holes covered, or it could match some other pitch on the main sound chamber. Alternately, various configurations of finger holes on the two sound chambers can be used, in which case terms such as "harmony flute" or "harmonic flute" are sometimes used.
Johann Sebastian Bach introduced an innovation in fingering for the organ and the clavier. [b] Prior to Bach, playing rarely involved the thumb. Bach's new fingering retained many features of the conventional fingering up until that point, including the passing of one finger under or over another [c] but introduced the far greater use of the ...
The tin whistle in its modern form is from a wider family of fipple flutes which have been seen in many forms and cultures throughout the world. [2] In Europe, such instruments have a long and distinguished history and take various forms, of which the most widely known are the recorder, tin whistle, Flabiol, Txistu and tabor pipe.
Fingering charts can be found for example in this reference. [ 1 ] In the case of finger systems for the clarinet, which are based on the Oehler system, one speaks today mostly of the German system , and of finger systems that are based on the Boehm system (clarinet) , of the French system.