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  2. Sardinian medieval kingdoms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardinian_medieval_kingdoms

    The first incontrovertible source that cites the existence of four kingdoms is the epistle sent by Pope Gregory VII from Capua on October 14, 1073 to the Sardinian judges Orzocco of Cagliari, Orzocco d'Arborea, Marianus of Torres and Constantine of Gallura; [5] however their autonomy was already clear in a later letter of Pope John VIII (872 ...

  3. Kingdom of Sardinia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia

    The realm was divided into four small kingdoms, the Judicates of Cagliari, Arborea, Gallura and Logudoro, perfectly organized as was the previous realm, but was now under the influence of the papacy, which claimed sovereignty over the entire island, and in particular of the Italian states of Genoa and Pisa, that through alliances with the ...

  4. Kingdom of Sardinia (1324–1720) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sardinia_(1324...

    The realm was divided into four small kingdoms, the Judicates of Cagliari, Arborea, Gallura and Logudoro, perfectly organized as was the previous realm, but was now under the influence of the papacy, which claimed sovereignty over the entire island, and in particular of the Italian states of Genoa and Pisa, that through alliances with the ...

  5. Byzantine Sardinia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Sardinia

    The four "judges", Torres, Cagliari, Arborea, and Gallura, appeared soon as independent kingdoms. Its first unequivocal attestation of four separate kingdoms in Sardinia is the letter sent on October 14, 1073 by Pope Gregory VII (1073–1085) to Orzocco of Cagliari, Orzocco d'Arborea, Marianus of Torres, and Constantine of Gallura. [26]

  6. History of Sardinia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Sardinia

    In the Early Middle Ages, through the European barbarian movements, the waning of the Byzantine Empire influence in the western Mediterranean and the Saracen raids, the island fell out of the sphere of influence of any higher government; this led to the birth of four independent kingdoms called Judicates (Latin: Judicati; Sardinian: Judicados ...

  7. Judicate of Cagliari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicate_of_Cagliari

    The Judicate of Cagliari (Sardinian: Judicadu de Càralis / Càlaris, Italian: Giudicato di Cagliari) was one of the four kingdoms or judicates (iudicati, literally "judgeship") into which Sardinia was divided during the Middle Ages.

  8. List of Sardinian monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sardinian_monarchs

    Godas 533–535; According to Procopius, [3] Godas was a Vandal governor of Sardinia who rebelled against his king, Gelimer, who ruled northern Africa, Sardinia and Corsica.. Procopius wrote that Godas behaved like a king but that it was a short-lived kingdom

  9. Judicate of Logudoro - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicate_of_Logudoro

    Sardinia was an imperial province of the Byzantine Empire until the 9th century, when the Arabs and Imazighen began pursuing aggressive policies of expansion and piracy in the Mediterranean. The conquest of Sicily by these groups in 827 effectively cut Sardinia off from the central government and military might of the empire, and the Byzantines ...