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Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) [a] was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.. Charles was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life.
Under Charles I, the Puritans became a political force as well as a religious tendency in the country. Opponents of the royal prerogative became allies of Puritan reformers, who saw the Church of England moving in a direction opposite to what they wanted, and objected to increased Catholic influence both at Court and (as they saw it) within the Willy
In this parliament James I had created more than 30 pocket boroughs under Protestant control. [2] [3] [4] The Irish House of Commons of 1634 therefore had 254 members: 112 Catholic and 142 Protestant. [5] [6] In 1632 Charles I had appointed Thomas Wentworth (the future Earl of Strafford) as his lord deputy of Ireland. [7]
Charles I, head of the House of Stuart, was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his death on 30 January 1649. He believed in a sacramental version of the Church of England, called High Anglicanism, with a theology based upon Arminianism, a belief shared by his main political advisor, Archbishop William Laud.
George Abbot suspected William Laud at an early stage of his career of anti-Calvinism; and attempted to block Laud's election as President of St John's College, Oxford. Laud, however, had supporters in the "moderate" group who would later emerge as the recognisable " Durham House " faction, around Richard Neile .
Charles divided his jewels among the children, leaving him with only his George [15] (an enameled figure of St. George, worn as a part of the ceremonial dress of the Order of the Garter). [16] Charles spent his last night restless, going to sleep only at 2 a.m. [17] Charles awoke early on the day of his execution.
William Laud (LAWD; 7 October 1573 – 10 January 1645) was a bishop in the Church of England.Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by Charles I in 1633, Laud was a key advocate of Charles I's religious reforms; he was arrested by Parliament in 1640 and executed towards the end of the First English Civil War in January 1645.
Wentworth ignored Charles' promise that no colonists would be awarded land, to the detriment of Catholic landholders, in Connaught. In 1635 he raked up an obsolete title—the grant in the 14th century of Connaught to Lionel of Antwerp , whose heir Charles was—and insisted upon the grand juries finding verdicts for the King.