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Gratin dauphinois is made with thinly sliced raw potatoes and cream, cooked in a buttered dish rubbed with garlic; cheese is sometimes added. The potatoes are peeled and sliced to the thickness of a coin, usually with a mandoline; they are layered in a shallow earthenware or glass baking dish and cooked in a slow oven; the heat is raised for the last 10 minutes of the cooking time.
Pommes dauphine typically accompany red meats or chicken. [3] Typically served in restaurants, they are often for sale at supermarkets in France. Related potato preparations include pommes noisette, pommes duchesse, croquettes, and pommes soufflées. Pommes dauphines are unique, however, with the choux pastry yielding a less dense dish.
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The basic ingredients are potatoes, onions and cooking liquid. The dish, cooked slowly in a low oven, gradually absorbing the cooking liquid, has a crisp top layer of sliced potatoes, with a softer mixture of onion and potato beneath.
The dish is generally credited with having been created during the time of Napoleon III by the chef Adolphe Dugléré, a pupil of Carême, when Dugléré was head chef at the Café Anglais, the leading Paris restaurant of the 19th century, where he reputedly named the dish for one of the grandes cocottes of the period. [2]
In 1992, the Confrérie of Chausson aux Pommes was created to perpetuate this tradition. [4] The chausson aux pommes has become an emblematic product of Saint-Calais.. In September 2023, the city of Saint-Calais celebrated the 393rd edition of the Chausson aux pommes' festival. [5]
^ Michel Lambert, Histoire de la cuisine familiale du Québec, vol. 2 : La Mer, ses régions et ses produits, des origines à aujourd’hui, Québec, Les Éditions GID, 2007, 912 p. (ISBN 978-2-922668-96-4). ^ Michèle Serre, Les Produits du marché au Québec, Outremont, Éditions du Trécarré, 2005
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