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Shellfish allergy is among the most common food allergies. " Shellfish " is a colloquial and fisheries term for aquatic invertebrates used as food , including various species of molluscs such as clams , mussels , oysters and scallops , crustaceans such as shrimp , lobsters and crabs , and cephalopods such as squid and octopus .
PSP affects those who come into contact with the affected shellfish by ingestion. [1] The toxins responsible for most shellfish poisonings—mainly saxitoxin, although several other toxins have been found, such as neosaxitoxin and gonyautoxins I to IV—are water-insoluble, and heat- and acid-stable. Therefore, ordinary cooking methods will not ...
It can, however, contain high levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs), dioxins, PFOA and mercury which can give rise to a number of negative health effects. It may also contain toxins that are associated with paralytic shellfish poisoning (saxitoxin and gonyautoxin). These toxins do not leach out when the lobster is cooked in boiling water.
Most people with paralytic shellfish poisoning develop symptoms within 30 minutes of consuming contaminated seafood and symptoms range from the tingling of the lips, mouth and tongue, “pins and ...
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration says consumers should avoid eating shellfish from Oregon and Washington state as they may be contaminated with toxins that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning ...
Shellfish poisoning includes four syndromes that share some common features and are primarily associated with bivalve molluscs (such as mussels, clams, oysters and scallops.) [1] As filter feeders, these shellfish may accumulate toxins produced by microscopic organisms, such as cyanobacteria, diatoms and dinoflagellates.
A circular fungus attaches itself to gill nodules in shrimp. Black gill disease is visible to the human eye. Affected gills may exhibit crusted, surface-corroding, [citation needed] scattered light brown to black spots or a large black patch on one or both sides of the fish. [3]
Neosaxitoxin (NSTX) is included, as other saxitoxin-analogs, in a broad group of natural neurotoxic alkaloids, commonly known as the paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs).The parent compound of PSTs, saxitoxin (STX), is a tricyclic perhydropurine alkaloid, which can be substituted at various positions, leading to more than 30 naturally occurring STX analogues.